Bio- Unit 5 Vocab

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Across
  1. 5. the process of cell division where one cell (parent) divides to produce two new cells (daughter cells) that are genetically identical to itself
  2. 9. create offspring using only one parent, without the fusion of sperm and egg
  3. 10. the process where unspecialized stem cells transform into mature, specialized cells with unique structures and functions
  4. 12. the biological process of creating two identical copies of a DNA molecule from one original molecule
  5. 13. the stage in cell division (mitosis or meiosis) where chromosomes condense and align along the center of the cell, known as the metaphase plate
  6. 14. the third stage of cell division (mitosis or meiosis) where duplicated chromosomes, called sister chromatids, separate and move toward opposite ends (poles) of the cell
  7. 16. the final step of cell division in biology where the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two distinct daughter cells
  8. 18. normal genes that slow down cell division, repair DNA errors, or tell cells when to die
Down
  1. 1. mutated genes that have the potential to cause cancer by instructing cells to grow and divide uncontrollably
  2. 2. a thread-like structure located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells, made of protein and a single molecule of DNA
  3. 3. specialized cells found in early-stage embryos (3–5 days old) that have the unique ability to divide indefinitely and transform into any cell type in the human body
  4. 4. the orderly, repeating sequence of events a cell goes through to grow, copy its DNA, and divide into two new identical daughter cells
  5. 6. two identical copies of a single chromosome produced during DNA replication
  6. 7. the very first cell formed when a sperm and an egg unite
  7. 8. the first stage of mitosis (cell division), where the cell prepares to divide
  8. 11. the longest stage in a cell’s life (the "daily living" phase), occurring between divisions
  9. 15. specialized cells that can turn into almost any cell type in the body
  10. 17. the final stage of mitosis or meiosis where chromosomes arrive at opposite poles of the cell, unravel, and new nuclear envelopes form around them