Biochemistry: Cell

9. Found in plant cells and some protists, these organelles perform photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy.
10. Using an early compound microscope, he observed thin slices of cork and saw a honeycomb-like structure of tiny compartments.
13. concluded that all plants were composed of cells.
14. Often called the "powerhouse" of the cell, these organelles generate the majority of the cell's energy in the form of ATP.
16. carriers of hereditary traits
17. its vital functions.

1. linear strands of chromatin material that contains the genes
2. Small, rounded chromatin bodies attached to the nuclear membrane. Regulates reproduction or division of cells
3. A large, central sac in plant cells that stores water, nutrients, and waste, helping to maintain cell shape.
4. are the cells that give rise to the gametes (sperm and egg cells).
5. are all the cells in the body except for the reproductive cells. They make up the majority of an organism's body, including all its tissues, organs, and systems.
6. added the crucial third tenet to the theory, stating that "every cell arises from a pre-existing cell" ("omnis cellula e cellula").
7. A network of membranes that synthesizes and transports proteins and lipids. The Rough ER is studded with ribosomes, while the Smooth ER lacks them.
8. are the simpler and smaller of the two cell types.
11. Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to other parts of the cell or for secretion.
12. possesses a highly organized structure that enables it to carry
15. Basic and fundamental unit of life,