Biology Bingo Heredity Part 1

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Across
  1. 5. The starting point of translation, This is translated into amino acids. Each of these codons correspond to one amino acid.
  2. 6. A thread structure that is found in the nucleus of both plants and animals cells. These cells transport & hold genetic information for DNA. This cell determines the gender of the species as it carries x or y chromosomes.
  3. 10. This is a process where it links protein together by decoding it with mRNA code of sequence into creating these new polypeptide chains. This takes place in the ribosomes where it converts the genetic information from codons into making amino acids.
  4. 12. These are the basic unit of all genetic information that is used to help many organisms to perform certain functions. Such as transporting molecules, DNA replication, and repairing damaged cells.
  5. 13. The process of creating a duplicated copy of double stranded DNA. This process involves coping with the genetic material by passing it through the daughter cells. It contains four proteins called Helicase, Ligase, Primase and Polymerase.
  6. 15. This is any change that is caused in the nucleotide sequence as it failed to protect the sequence from a permanent change. It can’t be reverted back to its original sequence after this change.
  7. 16. This is the process of dividing cells that shows us the development of the two identical daughter cells from both single parent cells. It ensures that each new cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.
  8. 17. A major molecule that translates the genetic code from DNA into proteins. This component is not like DNA double stranded rather than a single strand. This component is not like DNA double stranded rather than a single strand. This single strand contains the four bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil.
  9. 18. These are the “molar glues” in DNA Replication that is an essential enzyme that accelerates the combining of two large molecules together. This acceleration causes a new type of chemical bond to form called "Covalent Bonding” and use this bonding to create energy.
  10. 19. A RNA that is a structural component of the ribosomes, This forms the structure of the ribosome and performs so many of the functions in the ribosomes.
  11. 20. This is where meiosis takes place in the diploid cell, four daughter cells will be in the haploid (Eggs & Sperm). 2n = 4, These cells are genetically different from each other & a genuinely parent cell due to the exchange of genetic material (crossing over).
  12. 21. This is the fundamental & functional unit of all living organisms for gene diversity and it is a phenotype of an organism. The cells make up the DNA sequence. They used “Phenotypes” and mixed them with other organisms to determine the physical characteristics of the species.
Down
  1. 1. A specialized polymerase enzyme from RNA that plays an important role in DNA Replication. This function by linking short RNA primers that act as a starting point to initiate synthesis from DNA polymerase. It also ensures replication is accurate & stable.
  2. 2. The molecular structure of all living things that holds the genetic information that is a double helix that is made up of nucleotides. This double strand contains the four bases known as adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. It is also the basic gene sequence for base codes of proteins.
  3. 3. These are the main building blocks into forming Nucleic Acids and essential for initiating protein synthesis & the storage of genetic information. This organic molecule contains 3 bases structures known as “Prophaste Group”, “Nitrogenous Base,” and “Sugar Base”.
  4. 4. A complex process where it creates new protein cells by transforming genetic material from DNA into complex molecules that form the amino acid chain. This process goes through two stages called Translation & Transcription.
  5. 7. These are the crucial running motor proteins that use energy from ligase to speed up the process of breaking down a double stranded nucleic acid (DNA) or a single strand (RNA). A crucial factor for DNA Replication & cell regeneration.
  6. 8. A RNA molecule that acts as a sender & decodes messages from mRNA sequences when turning into protein during translation. These functions deliver the right amino acids to the mRNA Codon to ensure that it properly assembles a polypeptide chain.
  7. 9. An important enzyme that boosted up the process of linking the long chain of nucleic acid by adding nucleotides to a forming base strand template. A crucial part of DNA replication that allows it to be repaired & transcription.
  8. 11. It is the first step towards gene expression where it takes a certain segment in DNA that is copied into a new single strand molecule called “RNA”. This takes place in the nucleus that enables the genetic code to be transferred into regular DNA to functional RNA for protein synthesis.
  9. 14. Acids These are large molecules that are mainly found in DNA & RNA that play many functions for genetic expression. Such as storing, transmitting, and expressing genetic information.