Biology Chapter 6 & 7
Across
- 3. The portion of photosynthesis that uses energy captured during the light-dependent phase to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars; also known as the light-independent phase.
- 5. the green pigment of plant cells that is necessary for photosynthesis.
- 6. the anaerobic breakdown of sugars to pyruvate and then to either lactic acid or carbon dioxide.
- 9. any chemical process that does not require oxygen.
- 13. the second phase of aerobic cellular respiration in which pyruvate reacts with enzymes to produce acetyl CoA carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions, ATP, and electrons; called the Krebs cycle.
- 16. A random change in the sequence of bases in a DNA molecule.
- 19. a flattened, membrane-bound sac inside a chloroplast where the light-dependent phase of photosynthesis takes place.
- 21. the __________ phase, the portion of photosynthesis that requires light energy.
- 22. The phase of metabolism that breaks down molecules and releases energy.
- 23. The molecule produced when ATP is used for energy.
- 24. The sum of all the chemical processes needed within a cell to maintain life.
- 25. The process by which a ribosome builds a protein that is based on the sequence of codons in an mRNA molecule.
- 26. The phase of metabolism that builds molecules and stores energy.
Down
- 1. The process by which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA.
- 2. the material within a chloroplast that surrounds the thylakoids.
- 4. the first phase of cellular respiration, which glucose is broken down into pyruvate.
- 7. A molecule used within all cells for temporary energy storage.
- 8. the __________ phase, the portion of photosynthesis that does not require light energy in order to proceed. But the light-independent phase does require the products of the light-dependent phase; therefore, neither phase occurs during darkness. AKA Clavin cycle.
- 10. the process by which cells break down glucose or other nutrients to produce usable energy.
- 11. The single-stranded genetic information molecule, copied from DNA, whose pain function is, in conjunction with ribosomes, to build protein molecules.
- 12. THe process by which a strand of DNA is copied to produce an identical strand.
- 14. A pair of complementary nitrogenous bases that comet the two halves of a DNA molecule.
- 15. The set of three bases on a molecule of tRNA that corresponds to a complimentary codon on an mRNA molecule.
- 17. a set of three bases in an RNA strand that together code for a specific amino acid.
- 18. the process whereby plants, algae, and some bacteria form simple sugars from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light and chlorophyll.
- 20. The double-stranded molecule used by most cells for storing genetic information.