biology crossword

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Across
  1. 3. Often called the "powerhouse," this is where oxygen and sugar are turned into usable energy.
  2. 10. A specialized cell designed to send electrical signals throughout the nervous system.
  3. 13. Organisms at the bottom of the food chain that create their own energy using sunlight.
  4. 14. A specialized protein that acts like a pair of chemical scissors or glue to speed up reactions.
  5. 15. The physical trait you can actually see, like blue eyes or tall height.
  6. 17. The internal "balancing act" your body performs to keep things stable, like sweating to cool down.
  7. 19. A "mini-organ" inside a cell that has a specific job, like the mitochondria or ribosome.
  8. 21. The green structure in plant cells where the magic of making food happens.
  9. 24. The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the rest of the body.
  10. 25. The basic building block of DNA, made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.
  11. 27. The specific pigment that captures light energy and gives plants their color.
  12. 28. When the ribosome reads mRNA to string together a chain of amino acids.
  13. 32. A complex cell with a defined nucleus; it’s what you and all plants are made of.
  14. 36. A measure of how many different types of species are living in a specific area.
  15. 37. The simple sugar molecule that acts as the primary fuel for living things.
  16. 38. The longest part of the cell cycle where the cell grows and copies its DNA before dividing.
  17. 39. The evolutionary process by which a new and distinct species is formed.
Down
  1. 1. The actual letter combinations (like Aa or BB) that represent an organism's genes.
  2. 2. A process that happens without any oxygen present, like fermentation in tired muscles.
  3. 4. The process of rewriting DNA instructions into a portable mRNA message.
  4. 5. A simple, single-celled organism (like bacteria) that lacks a protected nucleus.
  5. 6. A biomolecule that provides quick energy; think of it as the "sugar and starch" group.
  6. 7. The process of unzipping DNA to make an exact copy of the genetic code.
  7. 8. The twisted ladder shape that DNA takes.
  8. 9. Transport Moving molecules across a membrane using energy, often pushing them "uphill" against a gradient.
  9. 11. An inherited trait that gives an organism a better chance of surviving in its environment.
  10. 12. A fancy name for fats and oils that help store energy for the long haul.
  11. 13. The main building block of the cell membrane, featuring a head that loves water and a tail that hates it.
  12. 16. Selection The process where "survival of the fittest" determines which traits get passed on.
  13. 18. The specific "job" or role an organism has within its habitat.
  14. 20. A "marker" on a cell or virus that tells the immune system whether it belongs there or is an invader.Hypothesis An educated guess you make before starting an experiment.
  15. 22. The tiny protein-making factory found floating in the cytoplasm or on the ER.
  16. 23. The non-living parts of an environment, such as rocks, sunlight, and water.
  17. 26. The tiniest of blood vessels where oxygen and waste are actually swapped.
  18. 29. A permanent change in the DNA sequence that can be helpful, harmful, or neutral.
  19. 30. A structure that used to be useful to an ancestor but no longer serves a purpose (like a tailbone).
  20. 31. Having two different versions of a gene, one dominant and one recessive.
  21. 33. The main "currency" or battery of the cell that provides energy for all activities.
  22. 34. The branch of science concerned with naming and grouping organisms.
  23. 35. The very final step of cell division where the cytoplasm pinches into two separate pieces.