Biology Unit 5

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Across
  1. 1. Type of mutation that changes whole secions of a chromosome by adding, deletion, invertion, or moving sections
  2. 7. Monomer of proteins - made of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base
  3. 9. Strand of RNA crated during transcription - each 3-letter section is called a codon
  4. 12. Segment of newly formed DNA on the lagging strand, connected together by ligase during DNA replication
  5. 15. Macromolecules made of amino acids - used for enzymes, transport, and cell structures
  6. 17. 3 letter section of mRNA that codes for an amino acid
  7. 18. Replicating strand of DNA that adds nucleotides moving toward helicase
  8. 20. Refers to DNA and histone proteins that make up chromosomes
Down
  1. 2. 2nd step of protein synthesis, takes place at a ribosome and uses tRNA molecules to assemble amino acids
  2. 3. Gene mutation - when a base is added or deleted and changes all amino acids after the mutation
  3. 4. Gene mutation - when a base is substituted - changes only 1 amino acid
  4. 5. Single stranded nucleic acid used by cells, has bases A, U, G, and C, types include mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
  5. 6. Monomer of a protein - these are carried by tRNA molecules during transcription
  6. 8. Double stranded nucleic acid that has all genetic material, bases include A, T, G, and C, located in the nucleus
  7. 10. replicating strand of DNA that adds nucleotides moving away from helicase
  8. 11. Enzyme used to unzip the DNA molecule during DNA replication
  9. 13. Type of mutation that only affects one gene by subsituting, adding, or deleting bases
  10. 14. Organelle where proteins are made
  11. 16. 1st step of protein synthesis, takes place in the nucleus and creates a strand of mRNA
  12. 19. 3 letter section of tRNA that matches to a codon of mRNA