Biology Unit 5
Across
- 1. Enzyme used to unzip the DNA molecule during DNA replication
- 4. Segment of newly formed DNA on the lagging strand, connected together by ligase during DNA replication
- 7. Making a copy of DNA, occurs during the s phase of interphase
- 10. Gene mutation- when a base is substituted- changes only 1 amino acid
- 12. 3 letter section of mRNA that codes for an amino acid
- 13. Type of mutation that changes whole sections of a chromosome by adding, deleting, inverting, or moving sections
- 16. Replicating strand of DNA that adds nucleotides moving towards helicase
- 18. Macromoleculemade of amino acids- used for enzymes, transport, and cell structures
- 19. Refers to DNA and histone proteins that make up chromosomes
- 20. Monomer of proteins- these are carried by tRNA molecules during transcription
- 22. Monomer of nucleic acids- made of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base
- 24. 2nd step of protein synthesis, takes place at a ribosome and uses tRNA molecules to assemble amino acids into proteins
- 27. Type of mutations that only affects one gene by substituting, adding, or deleting bases
Down
- 2. Replicating strand of DNA that adds nucleotides moving away from helicase
- 3. Used to organize DNA to fit in the nucleus, together with DNA makes up chromatin
- 5. Single stranded nucleic acid used by cells, has bases a,u,g, and c types include mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
- 6. 3 letter section of tRNA that matches to a codon of mRNA
- 8. Organelle where proteins are made
- 9. Gene mutation- when a base is added or deleted and changes all amino acids after the mutation
- 11. Part of a nucleotide along with a 5 carbon sugar and phosphate group
- 14. 1st step of protein synthesis, takes place in the nucleus and creates a strand of mRNA.
- 15. Section of DNA that codes for a protein, has introns and exons- passed from parents to offspring
- 17. Section of a gene that codes for protein
- 21. Strand of RNA created during transcription- each 3-letter section is called a codon
- 23. Section of a gene between exons- does not code for proteins, "Junk"
- 25. Type of RNA used during translation, carries the amino acid and matches up with the mRNA codon
- 26. Double stranded nucleic acid that has all genetic material, bases include a,t,g, and c, located in the nucleus