BIOLOGY

Across

3. / mutations in eggs and sperm can cause birth ______ and miscarriages
5. / the ______ system causes movement
7. / simple multicellular organisms reproduce simply by dividing in two in a process called ______ reproduction
8. / the ______ system extracts nutrients from food
10. / a collection of similar cell that carry out specific function
13. / consisting of a single cell
14. / a spiral shape
16. / small structures inside cells
18. / the ______ system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells
19. / signal travelling along a neurone
20. / prior to cell division the chromosomes ______
21. / ______ factors will affect characteristics such as muscular development
30. / ______ diseases are caused by malfunctions in the body (2 words)
32. / the ______ system coordinates the body via hormones released by glands
33. / cell division needed to produce the egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction
35. / a unit with coded genetic information, found on a chromosome
36. / the ______ system produces offspring (for species survival)
38. / the body's first line of defence is the ______ barrier formed its inner and outer surfaces
40. / ______ can also be mutagenic (e.g. UV rays from the sun)
42. / the ______ system extracts oxygen from the air
43. / the constant process of regulating the body's internal environment
44. / the unit that makes up living organisms
46. / cancer-causing chemicals
48. / disease-causing organisms
51. / ______ can be mutagenic (e.g. substances found in tobacco)
52. / Pencillin is an example of this type of substance used against infectious bacteria
54. / chemical messengers released by glands
55. / occurs when normal function is disrupted in some way
56. / genetically identical organisms

Down

1. / ______ factors will affect characteristics such as eye colour
2. / _______ transmitted diseases are spread from person to person
4. / ______ or non-identical twins develop from different eggs, fertilised separately by different sperm
6. / the body's final line of defence is the _______ response, involving antibody production
9. / a mass of cells caused by the uncontrolled division of cells in body tissues
11. / in ______ reproduction, a male and female parent each contributes half of the offspring’s first cell
12. / consisting of many cells
15. / enables a cell to make everything it needs in order to function (2 words)
17. / movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
22. / ______ response is the body's second line of defence, involving white blood cells
23. / a structure made up of different tissues that carries out a specific function
24. / the ______ system extracts cellular wastes from blood for removal from body
25. / the ______ system supports the body and protects the brain, heart and lungs
26. / the risk of cells containing mutations increases with age and can cause ______
27. / ______ transmitted diseases are spread via intermediary agents
28. / healthy cells undergo mitosis to ______ tissues by replacing damaged cells
29. / special type of cell division which takes place in the ovaries and testes to produce eggs and sperm for sexual reproduction
31. / the ______ system coordinates the body via electrical impulses in nerves
32. / mutations provide genetic variation for ______ to occur
34. / a harmful tumour is called ______
37. / a group of organs that work together to carry out a specific function (2 words)
39. / substances that speed up chemical reactions
41. / the cell structure that contains the chromosomes
45. / a role of cell division
46. / a threadlike ‘string’ of genes
47. / ______ diseases are caused by pathogens invading the body
49. / molecules that act as catalysts in the body
50. / alterations to a cell’s DNA
53. / as an organism ______ the number of cells containing mutations builds up
55. / the chemical substance that makes up chromosomes