Black Health and Wellness - Puzzle #1

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Across
  1. 1. "In 1972, there were 300,000 people in ________. Today [2012], there are 2.3 million." [7]
  2. 10. "Researchers concluded that Black people’s higher ________ levels were due to Black people having higher muscle mass than white people (Scientific American). This study failed to truly consider other explanations for why the Black patients had higher ________ levels. This idea of all Black people being stronger than other people is reminiscent of stereotypes used to justify the animalization and enslaving of Black people for profit (NIH). “There is no real science behind it,” believes Grubbs. [2]
  3. 11. "The first step must be acknowledging that the inherent problem in the health care system is more than a problem; it's a ________. The next step requires taking responsibility and owning that ________. But the most important step is actively taking the necessary actions to right the wrongs created by that ________." [6]
  4. 13. “Quality of care likely has a role in pregnancy-related deaths and associated racial disparities. A national study of five specific pregnancy complications found a similar prevalence of complications among black and white women, but a significantly higher case-fatality rate among black women. Studies have suggested that black women are more likely than are white women to receive ________ care in hospitals that provide lower quality of care.” [17]
  5. 15. "Recent calls to address structural racism in research funding have led the NIH to commit $90 million to combatting health ________ and researching the health effects of discrimination…” [3]
  6. 16. "One out of ________ Black men between the ages of 18 and 30 is in jail, in prison, on probation or parole. In urban communities across this country -- Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington -- 50 to 60 percent of all young men of color are in jail or prison or on probation or parole." [7]
  7. 17. "Only when ________ stops being the precursor to how Black women are treated or not treated in the health care system, then outcomes will be drastically different." [6]
  8. 18. Patricia ________ was the first African American to complete an ophthalmology residency with New York University’s School of Medicine, in 1973. “In 1986, she invented the Laserphaco probe, a device and method for cataract treatments. When she patented the instrument, in 1988, she became the first African American female doctor to receive a patent for a medical invention.” [15]
  9. 19. “Despite the fact that race is a social construct, many medical providers hold on to the idea of race as a ________ variable. This has a severe, sometimes fatal impact on people of color." [2]
  10. 20. “Reducing ________ misuse and overdoes in Black/African American communities requires an interdisciplinary, multi-level team approach. Collaboration among community leaders, associations, advocates and residents with policymakers, government agencies, educators, prevention specialists, and treatment and recovery providers is urgently needed.” [21]
  11. 21. “Research shows that there are higher rates of ________ among some racial or ethnic minority groups compared to whites. It is important to understand that these higher rates are not caused by ethnicity or heritage, but by social conditions that are more likely to affect minority groups.” [18]
Down
  1. 2. “One often overlooked aspect of the rising rates of ________ in the U.S. is its impact on youth – and in particular, its impact on Black youth. Black people face increased rates of risk factors, including experiences of racism, higher rates of unemployment and financial and food insecurity, disparities in other aspects of health, and limited access to care, all of which result in an increased burden of mental illness in Black communities.” [20]
  2. 3. “Dr. Mae ________ is most famous for becoming the first Black woman astronaut to go into space, in 1992. ________, however, is also a trained physician who has dedicated her life to improving global health.” [15]
  3. 4. “This means that Black patients—even though they reach end-stage ________ disease nearly 4x faster than White patients—are referred later to nephrology specialty care and transplant evaluation”, recounts Grubbs. “I would not have referred one of my patients to ________ transplant at least a year later had I believed the race correction was indeed correct. And he lost ________ function faster than expected,” she adds." [2]
  4. 5. “Racial inequity for people of color in the U.S. begins at ________. Black women are 50% more likely to have a premature baby than white women (CDC)." [4]
  5. 6. "Living in redlined areas that lacked adequate ________ ________ and quality grocery stores left inhabitants to develop illnesses at higher rates. Women in formerly redlined zones have increased chances of “adverse obstetric outcomes” like severe maternal depression, chronic stress, substance use disorder, and pregnancy-related hypertension (JAMA)." [4]
  6. 7. Dr. Daniel Hale ________ earned a medical degree and started working as a surgeon in Chicago in 1884. In 1893, Dr. ________ successfully repaired the pericardium of a man who had been stabbed in a knife fight. “The operation is considered to be the first documented successful open-heart surgery on a human, and Dr. ________ is regarded as the first African American cardiologist.” [15]
  7. 8. I speak to patients of color all the time who express an awareness of the fact that their dermatologist is unfamiliar with ________ skin disease in their skin tone or uncomfortable teaching them how to care for their hair or scalp...A problem in dermatology is that we're not taught how skin disease appears in all skin tones." [1]
  8. 9. ”Black scientists are also about ________ as likely to receive NIH funding than white scientists, and this discrepancy holds constant across academic ranks (e.g., between Black and white scientists who are full professors)." [3]
  9. 12. The first Black First Lady, Michelle ________, championed the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. “The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act allowed USDA, for the first time in over 30 years, opportunity to make real reforms to the school lunch and breakfast programs by improving the critical nutrition and hunger safely net for millions of children.” [16]
  10. 14. Many ________ have a built-in racial correction factor that automatically assumes a 10-15% smaller lung capacity for Black patients and a 4-6% smaller lung capacity for Asian patients when computing measurements (NIH)...The lower adjusted values for Black and Asian patients could potentially lead to these patients not being diagnosed as having COPD when measured as having similar ________ values or physical symptoms as white patients who are diagnosed with COPD." [2]
  11. 15. “In the U.S. 47% of graduating ________ residents report feeling uncomfortable diagnosing skin disease in patients with dark skin” [1]