Bonding Terminology

3. when two ions are attracted to each other
4. a measure of how unequally the electrons in covalent bonds are shared
5. the type of electrons that reside in the highest energy orbitals of an atom or molecule
6. the enthalpy change required to break 1 mole of a covalent bond in the gas phase
9. momentum the quantum number which defines the orbital shape
10. describe the energy of an electron and come directly from the solution to the Schrodinger wave equation
13. value calculated for an atom by determining the difference between the number of valence electrons in the free atom and the sum of lone-pair plus half of bonding pair electrons
15. valence electrons that do not contribute to bonding
17. when an atom or ion has all of its electrons in the lowest energy state
18. when two atoms share electrons
21. consists of one pair of electrons shared between two atoms
23. molecules that have an odd number of valence electrons and contain atoms with incomplete octets
24. relative measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond to itself

1. consists of two pairs of electrons shared between two atoms
2. the amount of energy needed to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of atoms in the gas phase
7. when one of more electrons are not in the lowest possible energy state
8. the quantum number which defines the orbital size and energy level
11. having the same energy level
12. the net nuclear charge experienced by outer-shell electrons when they are shielded from the nuclear charge by inner shell electrons
14. the number of bonding pairs in a covalent bond
16. states that atoms are at their most stable with 8 valence electrons
19. how electrons are represented in Lewis structures
20. the quantum number which defines the orbital orientation in space
22. the type of electrons that reside in the lower energy orbitals of an atom or molecule