Buddha Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. Phrases or syllables chanted to evoke a deity or to enhance meditation; used in Hinduism and Buddhism, especially in Vajrayana.
  2. 5. Prevalent form of Buddhism in Cambodia, Burma, Sri Lanka, and Thailand; focuses on the earliest texts and emphasizes monastic lifestyle.
  3. 7. One of the Three Marks of Existence; the Buddhist doctrine denying a permanent self.
  4. 9. Eightfold Path- The fourth of the Four Noble Truths; defines the basic practices of Buddhism that lead to nirvana.
  5. 10. The teachings of the Buddha, and one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism.
  6. 12. The second of the Four Noble Truths, selfish desire, which causes dukkha.
  7. 14. Choreographed hand movements used in the rituals of Vajrayana Buddhism.
  8. 15. Way- A basic Buddhist teaching that rejects both the pleasures of sensual indulgence and the self-denial of asceticism, focusing instead on a practical approach to spiritual attainment.
  9. 17. The Buddhist community of monks and nuns; one of Three Jewels of Buddhism.
  10. 19. Siddhartha Guatama and all others who have by their own insight attained perfect enlightenment.
  11. 20. Precepts- The basic moral requirements that are binding for all Buddhists.
  12. 22. One of the Three Marks of Existence; the Buddhist doctrine that all existent things are constantly changing.
  13. 23. One who has become enlightened; the ideal type for Theravada Buddhism.
Down
  1. 1. The largest of Buddhism’s three divisions, prevalent in China, Japan, and Korea; encompasses a variety of forms, including those that emphasize devotion and prayer to the Buddhas and bodhisattvas.
  2. 2. Named for the vajra, the Buddha’s diamond scepter; prevalent form of Buddhism in Tibet; emphasizes the harnessing of sensual energies to attain nirvana.
  3. 4. Lama- The spiritual leader of Vajrayana Buddhism, believed to be an incarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara.
  4. 6. An ancient language of India, similar to Sanskrit but more commonly understood, and used in the writing of the earliest Buddhist texts; most important for Theravada Buddhism.
  5. 8. Future Buddhas. As the ideal types for Mahayana Buddhism, beings who have experienced enlightenment but, motivated by compassion, stop short of entering nirvana so as to help others achieve it.
  6. 11. Patterned icons that visually excite; used in Vajrayana Buddhism to enhance meditation.
  7. 13. The first of the Four Noble Truths, the basic Buddhist insight that suffering is part of the human condition.
  8. 16. Marks of Existence- Characteristics that summarize the changing nature of reality: anatta (no-self), anicca (impermanence), and dukkha (suffering).
  9. 18. The ultimate goal of all Buddhists, the extinction of desire and any sense of individual selfhood, resulting in liberation from samsara and its limiting conditions.
  10. 21. Noble Truths- The central teachings of Buddhism: to live is to experience suffering; suffering is caused by desire; the cessation of suffering can be achieved; the solution is the Noble Eightfold Path.