Building Structures

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Across
  1. 4. Serious sideways bulging seen in failing masonry walls usually below grade
  2. 9. Concrete forms that stay in place and provide insulation
  3. 12. Horizontal supports above windows and doors that carry structural loads
  4. 14. Admixture that slows down concrete’s setting time
  5. 18. Joint where a basement wall meets the floor
  6. 21. Foundation created in one concrete pour with thickened sections
  7. 22. Professional consulted for serious structural concerns
  8. 24. Structural element that projects outward and is supported at only one end
  9. 25. Vertical structures that transfer roof loads to the foundation
  10. 27. Framing method where wall studs run continuously from sill to roof
  11. 28. Thin waterproof coat applied to the outside of a foundation
  12. 30. Concrete elements made off-site and installed later
  13. 32. Cracking or flaking of concrete or masonry from moisture or freezing
  14. 33. Flat concrete foundation poured directly into the ground
  15. 34. Vertical structural element designed to carry weight
  16. 35. Proofing method to prevent moisture intrusion through walls or floors
  17. 36. Small opening to allow water drainage from walls
Down
  1. 1. Admixture added to concrete to speed up setting time
  2. 2. Pressure exerted by water due to its weight at a specific depth
  3. 3. Outward force that rafter ties help resist
  4. 5. Foundation system using treated wood in contact with the ground
  5. 6. Uneven foundation settling or shifting
  6. 7. Strengthening a foundation by extending it or adding additional support.
  7. 8. White powder left when water evaporates from masonry surfaces
  8. 10. Concrete base poured in a trench to support the foundation
  9. 11. Tile used to collect and divert water away from a foundation
  10. 13. Thin material layer applied to repair or smooth surfaces
  11. 15. Underground pit filled with stone, used for stormwater drainage
  12. 16. Structural support, often called a girder, spanning an opening
  13. 17. Type of drain with a grate that directs water underground
  14. 19. Camera that detects heat differences rather than visible light
  15. 20. Pier screwed into soil to stabilize or support foundations
  16. 23. Drain system around a foundation to redirect water
  17. 26. Horizontal masonry support above a window or door
  18. 29. Cylindrical forms used to shape vertical concrete supports
  19. 31. Engineered wood product used for subfloors or wall sheathing
  20. 33. Pump that removes groundwater from a collection pit in a basement or crawlspace