C3.2 Defence against Disease

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Across
  1. 5. A disease-causing organism
  2. 7. Produce antibodies when a pathogen is detected
  3. 8. Where lymphocytes are contained in (5, 5)
  4. 12. Chemicals that block processes occuring in bacteria but not eukaryotic cells
  5. 13. Type of immune system that responds to a broad range of pathogens, but doesn't change during a lifetime
  6. 15. When a sufficient percentage of a population is immune to a disease and transmission is greatly impeded. (4,8)
  7. 18. Enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin.
  8. 19. Enzyme that protects the body's innate immune system by breaking down bacterial cell walls, particularly Gram-positive bacteria.
  9. 21. Soluble plasma protein that converts into fibrin.
  10. 22. Lymphocytes in your immune system that can recognize and respond to a particular antigen
  11. 24. Chronic syndrome aused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Down
  1. 1. The skin and mucous membranes act as this kind of defence.
  2. 2. Helper cells. Type of lymphocyte in the adaptive immune system that coordinate immune responses against infections by activating other immune cells, such as B cells, macrophages (1,5)
  3. 3. They patrol the body, detect foreign entities and destroys them by phagocytosis. Part of innate system.
  4. 4. A rapid, widespread outbreak of a disease that affects a disproportionately large number of people in a specific geographic area or population at the same time.
  5. 6. Infectious diseases that can transfer from other species to humans
  6. 9. Clotting factors convert this into the enzyme thrombin.
  7. 10. The consequence of retaining memory cells post infection
  8. 11. Type of immune system that adapts to target specific pathogens, and builds a memory of pathogens encountered during a lifetime
  9. 14. Virus that results in AIDS, transmitted via body fluids
  10. 16. Most are glycoproteins or other proteins and that they are usually located on the outer surfaces of pathogens. Activates antibody generation in lymphocytes
  11. 17. Cell fragments crucial for blood clotting. Clotting factors cause this to become "sticky".
  12. 20. Stimulate the development of immunity to a specific pathogen without causing the disease, typically by injecting the dead or weakened pathogen.
  13. 23. Insoluble fibre that forms a mesh of fibres around platelet plug and traps blood cells to form a clot