C3.2 Defence against Disease
Across
- 5. A disease-causing organism
- 7. Produce antibodies when a pathogen is detected
- 8. Where lymphocytes are contained in (5, 5)
- 12. Chemicals that block processes occuring in bacteria but not eukaryotic cells
- 13. Type of immune system that responds to a broad range of pathogens, but doesn't change during a lifetime
- 15. When a sufficient percentage of a population is immune to a disease and transmission is greatly impeded. (4,8)
- 18. Enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin.
- 19. Enzyme that protects the body's innate immune system by breaking down bacterial cell walls, particularly Gram-positive bacteria.
- 21. Soluble plasma protein that converts into fibrin.
- 22. Lymphocytes in your immune system that can recognize and respond to a particular antigen
- 24. Chronic syndrome aused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Down
- 1. The skin and mucous membranes act as this kind of defence.
- 2. Helper cells. Type of lymphocyte in the adaptive immune system that coordinate immune responses against infections by activating other immune cells, such as B cells, macrophages (1,5)
- 3. They patrol the body, detect foreign entities and destroys them by phagocytosis. Part of innate system.
- 4. A rapid, widespread outbreak of a disease that affects a disproportionately large number of people in a specific geographic area or population at the same time.
- 6. Infectious diseases that can transfer from other species to humans
- 9. Clotting factors convert this into the enzyme thrombin.
- 10. The consequence of retaining memory cells post infection
- 11. Type of immune system that adapts to target specific pathogens, and builds a memory of pathogens encountered during a lifetime
- 14. Virus that results in AIDS, transmitted via body fluids
- 16. Most are glycoproteins or other proteins and that they are usually located on the outer surfaces of pathogens. Activates antibody generation in lymphocytes
- 17. Cell fragments crucial for blood clotting. Clotting factors cause this to become "sticky".
- 20. Stimulate the development of immunity to a specific pathogen without causing the disease, typically by injecting the dead or weakened pathogen.
- 23. Insoluble fibre that forms a mesh of fibres around platelet plug and traps blood cells to form a clot