Carbon and Water

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Across
  1. 6. cycle The combination of processes by which carbon is transferred between the main carbon stores.
  2. 7. Precipitation that is intercepted by vegetation and reaches the ground by flowing down stems, stalks and trunks.
  3. 9. feedback: A cyclical sequence that decreases/diminishes an initial change in a natural system and tends to return the system to a state of equilibrium or balance.
  4. 10. The long-term storage of carbon. This process occurs naturally in oceans and sediments. It can also refer to the human process of capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it.
  5. 13. The continuous series of processes by which water is transferred between the main water stores.
  6. 16. That portion of the Earth’s outer sphere where life forms are found.
  7. 21. feedback: A cyclical sequence that increases or amplifies an initial change in a natural system.
  8. 23. The geographical locations of specified phenomenon/phenomena, most often shown on a map. It may or may not present as a recognisable pattern.
  9. 24. That which is capable of being maintained into the foreseeable future without prejudice to its own continuation and damage to the environment.
  10. 25. A stage in the succession of plant and animal communities in an ecosystem. Seres are named after the character of their starting locations; lithosere (starting on bare rock), hydrosere (starting in fresh water), psammosere (starting in sand) and halosere (starting in saline conditions).
  11. 26. Action taken by human to reduce their vulnerability or exposure to impacts.
  12. 27. A state of balance in a constantly changing natural system, the operation of which attempts to balance inputs with outputs.
  13. 28. Concerned with the environment – water, air and land, and the organisms which occupy it (including humans) and natural resources obtainable from it
Down
  1. 1. The combined processes of evaporation and transpiration transferring water from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere.
  2. 2. The crust and upper mantle comprising the outermost solid layer of the Earth.
  3. 3. That portion of the Earth’s surface layers contain water, including ice, groundwater, lakes and rivers, oceans and water vapour and droplets in the atmosphere.
  4. 4. The store of water beneath the Earth’s surface in soil and rock in pore and fissure space.
  5. 5. Water transferred from river basins to oceans, principally via river channels.
  6. 8. A set of interrelated components that work together in which there are inputs and outputs of energy and materials. Natural systems tend towards dynamic equilibrium which balances inputs and outputs of energy and materials.
  7. 11. The mixture of gases that surround the Earth whose main constituents are nitrogen and oxygen.
  8. 12. The area or scope of a phenomenon or focus of study – for example: local, regional, national, international and global
  9. 14. The process of taking or extracting water from natural sources for different uses by human populations.
  10. 15. Any actions or measures taken to reduce or offset the adverse impacts or severity of a process or event.
  11. 17. Connected with the economy and therefore related to production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. Conventionally measured in money terms and connected with employment, industry, income and human welfare.
  12. 18. budget The relative amounts of carbon that are transferred in a given time period between the various stores of carbon.
  13. 19. The balance, in a drainage basin, between the inputs of water, mainly precipitation, and the outputs of water, mainly run-off, flows of groundwater and evapotranspiration.
  14. 20. basin: The area of land from which precipitation is drained by a river and its tributaries.
  15. 22. The frozen water component of the Earth’s outer layers, including ice caps, glaciers and snow cover.