Cardiovascular System
Across
- 3. a mass (most commonly a blood clot) that travels through the blood and can become lodged in a blood vessel and obstruct blood flow
- 4. Vascular Disease (PVD): blockage of the arteries, usually in the legs
- 8. a blood clot that forms within a blood vessel and does not travel through the blood
- 9. murmur: abnormal sound heard during auscultation of the heart, such as a whooshing sound created by a valve not completely closing
- 10. sites: locations to measure the number of times the heart beats per minute
- 11. vessels: vessels that convey blood; includes arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
- 12. Heart Failure (CHF): disease resulting from reduced blood flow from the heart; characterized by weakness, breathlessness, abdominal discomfort, and edema in the lower extremities.
- 13. microscopic blood vessel that connects arterioles with venules
- 14. valves: flaps of tissue located between the heart chambers which allow the blood to flow only in one direction
- 16. a red blood cell that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from body tissues
- 17. chest pain or discomfort; is characterized by a sensation of squeezing, pressure, heaviness, or tightness in the center of the chest
- 23. factor: antigen found in red blood cells
- 25. a layer of cardiac muscle that makes up the middle of the heart
- 30. the fluid and its suspended formed elements that are circulated through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins
- 31. Infarction (MI): tissue death in the heart muscle resulting from an occluded (obstructed) coronary artery; heart attack
- 32. a condition of low blood pressure
- 33. abnormal heart rhythm
- 35. blood disorder characterized by reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin
- 36. blood vessel that moves blood from body tissues toward the heart
- 37. a cell fragment that helps form blood clots to repair injured blood vessels
Down
- 1. a condition of high blood pressure
- 2. Artery Disease (CAD): a condition in which the arteries of the heart are narrowed, affecting the supply of oxygen and nutrients to heart muscle
- 5. a cell that makes antibodies to mark and destroy invading pathogens
- 6. a yellowish liquid containing mostly water, which carries nutrients, hormones, and waste for other body systems
- 7. related to the heart and blood vessels
- 15. the innermost layer that lines the four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) and covers the valves of the heart
- 18. Accident (CVA): complete or partial loss of blood flow to brain tissue caused by blood vessel spasms, intracranial bleeding, and/or obstruction of the blood vessels in the brain
- 19. a white blood cell that is involved in fighting infection
- 20. types: inherited from one’s parents and determined by the presence or absence of an antigen found on the surface of the red blood cell
- 21. fibrous sac that encloses the heart
- 22. cell anemia: blood disorder; the shape of the red blood cell is a sickle shape, which makes the red blood cells clump together
- 24. a blood disorder caused by changes in a gene on the X chromosome; is characterized by the inability of the blood to clot
- 26. a distended and weak area in the wall of an artery
- 27. veins: veins that have become abnormally dilated, due to interference with venous drainage or weakness of their walls
- 28. a major blood vessel that moves blood away from the heart to the body tissues
- 29. conduction: muscle contractions occurring due to electrical conduction
- 34. chambers: four chambers, two upper (atria) and two lower (ventricles) through which blood flows through the heart