Cardiovascular System

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Across
  1. 3. a mass (most commonly a blood clot) that travels through the blood and can become lodged in a blood vessel and obstruct blood flow
  2. 4. Vascular Disease (PVD): blockage of the arteries, usually in the legs
  3. 8. a blood clot that forms within a blood vessel and does not travel through the blood
  4. 9. murmur: abnormal sound heard during auscultation of the heart, such as a whooshing sound created by a valve not completely closing
  5. 10. sites: locations to measure the number of times the heart beats per minute
  6. 11. vessels: vessels that convey blood; includes arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
  7. 12. Heart Failure (CHF): disease resulting from reduced blood flow from the heart; characterized by weakness, breathlessness, abdominal discomfort, and edema in the lower extremities.
  8. 13. microscopic blood vessel that connects arterioles with venules
  9. 14. valves: flaps of tissue located between the heart chambers which allow the blood to flow only in one direction
  10. 16. a red blood cell that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from body tissues
  11. 17. chest pain or discomfort; is characterized by a sensation of squeezing, pressure, heaviness, or tightness in the center of the chest
  12. 23. factor: antigen found in red blood cells
  13. 25. a layer of cardiac muscle that makes up the middle of the heart
  14. 30. the fluid and its suspended formed elements that are circulated through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins
  15. 31. Infarction (MI): tissue death in the heart muscle resulting from an occluded (obstructed) coronary artery; heart attack
  16. 32. a condition of low blood pressure
  17. 33. abnormal heart rhythm
  18. 35. blood disorder characterized by reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin
  19. 36. blood vessel that moves blood from body tissues toward the heart
  20. 37. a cell fragment that helps form blood clots to repair injured blood vessels
Down
  1. 1. a condition of high blood pressure
  2. 2. Artery Disease (CAD): a condition in which the arteries of the heart are narrowed, affecting the supply of oxygen and nutrients to heart muscle
  3. 5. a cell that makes antibodies to mark and destroy invading pathogens
  4. 6. a yellowish liquid containing mostly water, which carries nutrients, hormones, and waste for other body systems
  5. 7. related to the heart and blood vessels
  6. 15. the innermost layer that lines the four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) and covers the valves of the heart
  7. 18. Accident (CVA): complete or partial loss of blood flow to brain tissue caused by blood vessel spasms, intracranial bleeding, and/or obstruction of the blood vessels in the brain
  8. 19. a white blood cell that is involved in fighting infection
  9. 20. types: inherited from one’s parents and determined by the presence or absence of an antigen found on the surface of the red blood cell
  10. 21. fibrous sac that encloses the heart
  11. 22. cell anemia: blood disorder; the shape of the red blood cell is a sickle shape, which makes the red blood cells clump together
  12. 24. a blood disorder caused by changes in a gene on the X chromosome; is characterized by the inability of the blood to clot
  13. 26. a distended and weak area in the wall of an artery
  14. 27. veins: veins that have become abnormally dilated, due to interference with venous drainage or weakness of their walls
  15. 28. a major blood vessel that moves blood away from the heart to the body tissues
  16. 29. conduction: muscle contractions occurring due to electrical conduction
  17. 34. chambers: four chambers, two upper (atria) and two lower (ventricles) through which blood flows through the heart