Cardiovascular System Anatomy and Physiology

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Across
  1. 4. The tunica consists of smooth muscle and elastic fibers that narrow or widen, causing blood pressure to increase or decrease
  2. 8. Vein that receives venous blood from the arms via the axillary vein and from the skin and muscles of the head via the external jugular vein
  3. 10. Valves that lie between the atrial and ventricular chambers on each side, and prevent backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract
  4. 12. The septum that divides the heart longitudinally
  5. 15. An artery that is a branch of the ascending aorta
  6. 16. The innermost layer of the heart and is a thin, glistening sheet of endothelium hat lines the heart chambers
  7. 17. Although cardiac muscles can beat independently, the muscle cells in the different areas of the heart have different rhythm
  8. 18. The visceral and outermost layer is actually a part of the heart wall
  9. 19. The pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction
Down
  1. 1. Heart contraction
  2. 2. The right AV valve and has three flaps
  3. 3. The outermost tunic composed largely of fibrous connective tissue, and its function is basically to support and protect the vessels
  4. 5. A superficial vein that drains the medial aspect of the arm and empties into the brachial vein proximally
  5. 6. The outermost layer of the heart that encloses the heart in a double-walled sac
  6. 7. Valve that closes when the ventricle is full
  7. 9. A single vein that drains the thorax and enters the superior vena cava just before it joins the heart
  8. 11. Narrowing of the blood vessels
  9. 13. Several pairs of arteries serving the heavy muscles of the abdomen and trunk walls
  10. 14. Thick bundles of cardiac muscle twisted and whirled into ringlike arrangements
  11. 18. This contraction effectively ejects blood superiorly into the large arteries leaving the heart