Cells at Work Episode 1

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Across
  1. 1. part of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders
  2. 3. change in physical state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase [Gas to Liquid]
  3. 8. a polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope, and is thus deemed part of the outer envelope of a bacterial cell. It is a well-organized layer, not easily washed off, and it can be the cause of various diseases.
  4. 10. is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism
  5. 11. This plays multiple supporting roles in the body. It acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled here, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. This also helps fight certain kinds of bacteria that cause pneumonia and meningitis.
  6. 12. a type of white blood cell that protects us from infections, also they are the first cells to arrive on the scene when we experience a bacterial infection
  7. 13. is a Gram-positive, spherical bacteria, alpha-hemolytic or beta-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic member of the genus Streptococcus.
  8. 16. a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, which bathes the tissues and drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream.
  9. 17. a complex network of cells and proteins that defends the body against infection
  10. 18. Redblood cells transport this.
  11. 20. They're tough on the outside but they contain a smooth interior layer of epithelial cells that allows blood to flow easily.
  12. 22. any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.
  13. 23. on the surface of white blood cells, this recognizes specific components of fungal cell walls, and alerts or "switches on" the immune cells to prepare to fight the infection.
  14. 25. is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub native to China and East Asia.
  15. 27. an organ in the gastrointestinal tract where most of the absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place
  16. 28. The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree.
  17. 31. an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause this
Down
  1. 2. is the process by which T lymphocytes migrate across venular blood vessel walls to enter various tissues and organs. They use this to reach harmful bacteria!
  2. 4. a bronchus or a primary branch off of one.
  3. 5. They circulate throughout the body delivering oxygen to the cells and returning co2
  4. 6. A cytotoxic T cell is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected (particularly with viruses), or cells that are damaged in other ways.
  5. 7. They line the entire circulatory system from the heart to the smallest capillaries
  6. 9. a pair of bean-shaped organs on either side of your spine, below your ribs and behind your belly. Each is about 4 or 5 inches long, roughly the size of a large fist. It thier job is to filter your blood.
  7. 13. a small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.
  8. 14. the three membranes (the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord.
  9. 15. a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
  10. 19. a T cell that influences or controls the differentiation or activity of other cells of the immune system.
  11. 21. projections of a neuron that receive signals
  12. 24. a member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms which have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.
  13. 26. these are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax). The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into these through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic.
  14. 29. to make a sudden involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth due to irritation of one's nostrils
  15. 30. muscular walled tubes forming part of the circulation system (mainly oxygenated)