ceramic 2023

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Across
  1. 2. Changes in the form of a clay body. Warping of ware can occur during drying or firing if the drying or firing is too rapid or uneven.
  2. 4. A plaster disk or plastic or square slab usually ¾ to 1 ½ in. thick on which a pot is thrown or is placed to dry when removed from the wheel. Also used when hand building.
  3. 6. A utensil of wire mesh (usually brass or stainless steel to resist rust) used to strain liquids or powdered material.
  4. 10. Clay stage that is dry enough to hold its shape, yet “moist” enough to be trimmed, carved, or scored.
  5. 15. the improvement or clarification of something by the making of small changes.
  6. 16. the feel, appearance, or consistency of a surface or substance.
  7. 17. Resistance to heat and melting. Refractory materials are used in porcelain and stoneware. Also used for building kilns and kiln furniture and in combination with other materials, as kiln insulation.
  8. 19. a thing that is needed or wanted.
  9. 20. a color or design applied to pottery before it is glazed.
  10. 22. A thin protective coating of refractory materials applied to the top surface of kiln shelves to prevent glaze from sticking the ware to the shelf.
  11. 25. In ceramics, the act of squeezing plastic clay between thumb and finger to form a pot or sculpture.
  12. 28. Theoretically Al2O3-2SiO2-6H2O
  13. 32. Decoration by incising or scratching through slip or glaze to reveal the background material.
  14. 34. simply glaze, is a glassy coating on ceramics.
  15. 35. Usually a plaster form, single or multi-pieced, which will be used to reproduce any number of accurate copies of the original model in clay or plaster.
  16. 36. The process of building pottery or sculpture without the use of the potter’s wheel. This term includes pinching, coiling, and building with slabs.
  17. 38. the external form, contours, or outline of someone or something.
  18. 39. KNIFE A long, tapered knife used for trimming ware and for cutting slabs.
  19. 40. The act of forcing a lump of clay by hand into a symmetrical form at the center of a spinning potter’s wheel in preparation for throwing pottery.
Down
  1. 1. Unfired pottery or sculpture.
  2. 3. Unglazed ceramic ware that has been fired at a low temperature to remove all moisture from the clay body, to make handling easier during glazing.
  3. 5. The stress which ceramic material is subjected when sudden changes occur in the heat during firing or cooling.
  4. 7. Having the nature of glass. In ceramics, a glaze or clay body that has been fired to a dense, hard, and nonabsorbent condition.
  5. 8. Small pyramids of ceramic materials formulated to bend over and melt at designated temperatures.
  6. 9. Workability; clay is the only material having real plasticity, meaning the ability to form into any shape, and to get progressively harder in the same shape on being fired to 1300F and above.
  7. 11. The elimination of water from pots and sculpture.
  8. 12. The top edge of a pot.
  9. 13. Any one of various methods of kneading a mass of clay to expel the air, gets rid of lumps, and prepares a homogenous material.
  10. 14. A combination of an element with oxygen. Colorants in clay bodies, stains, and glazes, usually metallic, such as cobalt, copper, iron, or chrome.
  11. 17. the action or process of reclaiming or being reclaimed.
  12. 18. A colorless ceramic material or mineral used to lower the melting point in clay and glazes.
  13. 19. a long raised piece of stronger or thicker material across a surface or through a structure, and typically serving to support or strengthen it.
  14. 21. An oxide(Al2O3)
  15. 23. The loss of volume of clays in drying and firing, caused by the loss of physical and chemical water and the achieving of molecular density. Approximate shrinkage of wet to fired clay is 7 to 20 percent.
  16. 24. Heating pottery or sculpture in a kiln or open fire to bring the clay or glaze to maturity. The temperature needed to mature a specific clay or glaze varies.
  17. 26. relating to or involving general ideas or qualities rather than specific people, objects, or actions.
  18. 27. WHEEl.
  19. 29. Sponges absorb liquid and are used for washing and cleaning.
  20. 30. Furnace built from refractory materials for firing pottery, sculpture, or glass.
  21. 31. A method of forming pottery or sculpture from rolls of clay melded together to create the walls.
  22. 33. A cylindrical form used to put pots in or over, used upside-down for foot trimming on a potter’s wheel.
  23. 37. A suspension of clay in water. Slip (sometimes called engobe) can also be used for painted decoration or for the sgraffito technique.