Ch. 10 Vocab Crossword

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Across
  1. 5. political and social order that developed during the Middle Ages when royal governments were no longer able to defend their subjects; nobles offered protection and land in return for service
  2. 7. a heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare
  3. 9. in medieval Europe, an agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked
  4. 12. to make possible
  5. 13. in thirteenth-century England, the representative government that emerged; it was composed of two knights from every county, two people from every town, and all the nobles and bishops throughout England
  6. 14. under feudalism, a man who served a lord in a military capacity
  7. 15. an original or official paper that gives proof of or support to
  8. 16. the “Great Charter” of rights, which King John was forced to sign by the English nobles at Runnymede in 1215
  9. 19. a landed property with a large house; one of the three classes into which French society was divided before the revolution: the clergy (First Estate), the nobles (Second Estate), and the townspeople (Third Estate)
Down
  1. 1. a binding agreement between two or more people or parties
  2. 2. essential; important
  3. 3. the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people
  4. 4. a wealthy, powerful landowner
  5. 5. under feudalism, the unwritten rules that determined the relationship between a lord and his vassal
  6. 6. a peasant, or farmer, who is tied to the land and ruled by a lord
  7. 7. a uniform system of law that developed in England based on court decisions and on customs and usage rather than on written law codes; replaced law codes that varied from place to place
  8. 8. under feudalism, a member of the heavily armored cavalry
  9. 10. a summons that is often stimulating, inciting, or threatening
  10. 11. under feudalism, a grant of land made to a vassal; the vassal held political authority within his fief
  11. 17. in the Middle Ages, the ideal of civilized behavior that developed among the nobility; it was a code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold
  12. 18. a manner of accomplishing a task using technical processes, methods, or knowledge