Ch. 5 Science Bio Vocab

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Across
  1. 1. the movement of substances across a cell membrane from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration by any means that requires the use of energy
  2. 4. the internal balance within the systems of living organisms that must be kept stable in order to maintain life.
  3. 5. one of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life, come from pre-existing cells, are the basic building block of all life forms, and carry out life processes to maintain homeostasis
  4. 8. the structure within cells that helps define their shape, maintains internal organization, and aids in division and movement
  5. 9. a stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast
  6. 11. a group of cells that live and work together. Unlike a multicellular organism, cells in a colony may break away and survive on their own
  7. 16. structures found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive
  8. 17. the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane
  9. 18. transports compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell's shape; processes fats and break down toxic substances in liver cells
  10. 20. describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  11. 21. the cellular organelle that directs the protein-building process
  12. 22. a structure made of two or more tissues that work together to perform a particular function
  13. 25. the cellular organelle that processes and packages proteins in preparation for secreting them from a cell
  14. 28. an organism consisting of only one cell
  15. 29. the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the need for energy
  16. 30. the genetic material of eukaryotic cells consisting of DNA and associated proteins
  17. 31. a non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include storing starches, lipids, and proteins
  18. 34. a rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane
  19. 35. a type of passive transport in which substances can move across a cell membrane through special protein channels embedded in the membrane
  20. 36. a whiplike cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but longer and used primarily for movement in many bacteria
  21. 38. a protective coat that surrounds the nucleic acid of a virus
  22. 40. a cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process inhibits the process itself
  23. 41. a spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell's nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured
  24. 42. the cellular organelle in which aerobic respiration takes place to release energy from food
  25. 43. the pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane of a plant cell; maintains plant rigidity
Down
  1. 2. a cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process enhances the process itself
  2. 3. a group of two or more organs that work together to perform a particular function
  3. 6. transports compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell's shape; is studded with ribosomes and processes the proteins made by ribosomes
  4. 7. describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membrane-bound organelles
  5. 10. a cellular organelle found in plant cells that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place
  6. 11. the thick fluid inside cells that contains the organelles. Also called the cytosol
  7. 12. the non-membrane-bound region in prokaryotic cells that contains most of the genetic material
  8. 13. a cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes
  9. 14. an organism consisting of two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism
  10. 15. the two layers of phospholipids that make up a cell membrane
  11. 19. describes a solution whose solute concentration is greater than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
  12. 23. the membrane-bound region of eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material
  13. 24. a thin layer of phospholipids and proteins that defines the boundary of a cell
  14. 26. a group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function
  15. 27. describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
  16. 32. an organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell's shape through turgor pressure
  17. 33. a short, hairlike extension of a cell used either for movement or as a sensory organelle
  18. 37. describes a solution whose solute concentration is less than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
  19. 39. a cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubules