CH 7 Federalist Era Vocabulary test

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Across
  1. 4. An agreement signed in 1794 between the US and Great Britain that aimed to resolve issues that remained after the American Revolutionary War. Ex: GB agreed to vacate the NW Territory (today’s Midwest)
  2. 6. A government agency responsible for managing a country’s finances including the collection of taxes (revenue), issuance of currency, and the management (ideally payback) of public debt with a historical role dating back to its formation in the United States in 1789.
  3. 9. Drafted by James Madison, the resolution argued that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional because they infringed upon individual rights and states’ rights. Madison also asserted that states could nullify federal laws they deemed unconstitutional.
  4. 11. A time period in American history from the late 1780s to the early 1800s defined by: Washington’s presidency, an economic plan for the US (Hamilton’s), political parties, and foreign affairs challenges.
  5. 12. Jefferson argued that the federal government had no authority to enact the Alien and Sedition Acts because they violated the First Amendment’s protections for free speech and press. Simultaneously, Jefferson articulated the concept of nullification.
  6. 14. Activities aimed at weakening an established government by inciting resistance or rebellion to authority. Is this legal in the US?
  7. 15. The total amount of money a government borrows to cover expenses that exceed its revenue.
  8. 18. Members of a major political party in the United States that typically advocates for conservative policies and principles.
  9. 20. A diplomatic incident between the United States and France that occurred during the Federalists Era. Short story: American envoys (diplomats) negotiated a peace agreement to stop French attacks on American ships. But first, France was asking for money (a bribe) just to talk, which led to a breakdown in relations between. This affair contributed to rising tensions, eventually leading to the Quasi-War, an undeclared naval conflict between us and France.
  10. 23. Something done or said that becomes an example for others to follow. Washington led the way on many of these (ex: cabinet secretaries).
  11. 27. Title for the head of the United States Postal Service historically responsible for overseeing mail delivery, postal services, and mail security. Benjamin Franklin was our first official PMG.
  12. 28. Senior government officials responsible for managing specific departments and advising the president.
  13. 29. Signed in 1795 between the United States and Spain granted America navigation rights on the Mississippi River and defined the boundary between the U.S and Spanish territories.
  14. 32. Laws passed in 1798. Allowed the federal government to deport foreign nationals and criminalize speech that was critical of the government. Federalists and John Adams loved these acts.
Down
  1. 1. A person living (residing) in a country who is not a citizen of that country.
  2. 2. July 1794! Farmers in western Pennsylvania protested against a federal tax on whiskey highlighting tension between rural communities and the federal government.
  3. 3. Head of the Judicial Branch of the United States (Article 3 USC), responsible for presiding over Supreme Court proceeding, and leading the Supreme Court in interpreting the Constitution and constitutionality of federal laws. States have their own such court.
  4. 5. U.S government agency that is responsible for handling the country’s foreign affairs and international relations.
  5. 7. A group of top executive advisors to a president picked by the president!
  6. 8. Colloquially "the press" or the "press gang", is a type of conscription of people into a military force. The Royal Navy impressed many US merchant sailors. People liable to ___________ were "eligible men of seafaring habits between the ages of 18 and 55 years".
  7. 10. Signed in 1795,an agreement between the US and numerous Native American tribes, which settled territorial disputes in the Northwest Territory following the Northwest Indian War.
  8. 13. A geographical region of the United States established after the American Revolution encompassing land that would later become the states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota.
  9. 16. A form of tax applied on imports from other countries. Hamilton had in mind protectionism, which has a lot to do with tariffs.
  10. 17. Responsible for the administration of military affairs and the management of the Army during times of war from its establishment in 1789 until it was recognized into the Department of Defense in 1974.
  11. 19. Supporters of a strong national government in the early United States, who believed in the ratification of the Constitution.
  12. 21. The chief legal officer of a state or country responsible for overseeing legal affairs and representing the government in legal matters. Leads the Department of Justice these days.
  13. 22. The highest federal court in the United States established in 1789 that has the authority to interpret the Constitution and review laws ensuring they are applied to every citizen while upholding the rule of law.
  14. 24. Debt securities issued by a government to finance public projects and expenditures to raise cash while providing investors with a secure and steady return on investment. Hamilton loved them.
  15. 25. A law in U.S history that established the process for granting citizenship to immigrants, initially allowing only free white immigrants should become citizens after a period of residency.
  16. 26. A government strategy and dealing with other nations, focusing on diplomacy, trade, military actions, and alliances to achieve its national interests.
  17. 28. A meeting of members of each US political party who choose candidates for upcoming national elections.
  18. 30. this became a significant issue with the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 and 1799. In their resolutions, Jefferson and Madison are you that if the federal government passed the law that was unconstitutional, the states had the right to nullify (or refuse to enforce) that law within their own borders. They believed that the states, as parties to the Constitution, had the power to determine whether a federal law was in line with the Constitution.
  19. 31. When a government’s expenditures exceed its revenues over a specific period leading to an accumulation of debt.