CH.12 BASICS OF CHEMISTRY

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Across
  1. 2. is a liquid that has evaporated into a gas-like state.
  2. 5. evaporate easily, such as isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) and ethyl alcohol (hairspray and alcoholic beverages).
  3. 11. is a ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend.
  4. 14. pH above 7.
  5. 16. is a chemical reaction in which a significant amount of heat is released.
  6. 17. is a sweet, colorless, oily substance.
  7. 19. is any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight).
  8. 20. is a chemical combination of atoms of the same element, in fixed proportions; the air we breathe.
  9. 22. are physical mixture of one or more types of solids.
  10. 23. are chemical compounds of two or more atoms of different elements, in fixed
  11. 24. the surfactant is hydrophilic, or water-loving, and dissolves in water.
  12. 27. is the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions.
  13. 31. tail of the surfactant oil-loving, and dissolves in oil.
  14. 32. is the physical combination of matter in any proportion.
  15. 35. is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent.
  16. 39. is the substance, usually liquid, which dissolves another substance to form a solution, with no change in chemical composition.
  17. 40. is a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance.
  18. 41. is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon but may contain the element hydrogen.
  19. 42. is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen.
  20. 46. is an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge.
  21. 47. is a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound.
  22. 49. is the rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light.
  23. 50. are unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid.
  24. 51. is a chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions.
Down
  1. 1. is an alpha hydroxyl acid used in exfoliation and to lower pH of products.
  2. 3. are characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not involve a chemical change in the substance.
  3. 4. are characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance.
  4. 6. are substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify.
  5. 7. When a solution indicates a pH below.
  6. 8. is a special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for the skin, and nail polish dryers.
  7. 9. the science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.
  8. 10. is a colorless liquid or white crystals with a strong unpleasant odor that is used in permanent waving solutions to contract and close the hair cuticle.
  9. 12. is an ion with a positive electrical charge.
  10. 13. the study of substances that contain the element carbon. All living things or things that were once alive, whether they are plants or animals, contain carbon.
  11. 15. is an ion with a negative electrical charge.
  12. 18. are not capable of being mixed to form stable solutions.
  13. 21. also known as redox, is a chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time.
  14. 22. is a change in the form without forming a new substance.
  15. 25. is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions.
  16. 26. is the dissolved substance in a solution.
  17. 28. have a definite shape, volume, and weight.
  18. 29. their chemical relativity to the hydroxide ion (OH2). Term is interchangeable with base.Have a pH above 7.
  19. 30. have a definite volume and weight but not a definite shape.
  20. 33. are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form clear solutions.
  21. 34. are alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products.
  22. 36. subatomic particles with no charge.
  23. 37. is the simplest form of chemical matter.
  24. 38. is a change in a substance’s chemical composition.
  25. 43. is chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide.
  26. 44. subatomic particles with a positive charge.
  27. 45. is an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances (substances that normally will not stay blended) plus a special ingredient called an emulsifier.
  28. 48. do not have a definite volume or shape.
  29. 52. is a basic unit of matter with a nucleus.