CH.12 BASICS OF CHEMISTRY
Across
- 2. is a liquid that has evaporated into a gas-like state.
- 5. evaporate easily, such as isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) and ethyl alcohol (hairspray and alcoholic beverages).
- 11. is a ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend.
- 14. pH above 7.
- 16. is a chemical reaction in which a significant amount of heat is released.
- 17. is a sweet, colorless, oily substance.
- 19. is any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight).
- 20. is a chemical combination of atoms of the same element, in fixed proportions; the air we breathe.
- 22. are physical mixture of one or more types of solids.
- 23. are chemical compounds of two or more atoms of different elements, in fixed
- 24. the surfactant is hydrophilic, or water-loving, and dissolves in water.
- 27. is the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions.
- 31. tail of the surfactant oil-loving, and dissolves in oil.
- 32. is the physical combination of matter in any proportion.
- 35. is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent.
- 39. is the substance, usually liquid, which dissolves another substance to form a solution, with no change in chemical composition.
- 40. is a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance.
- 41. is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon but may contain the element hydrogen.
- 42. is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen.
- 46. is an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge.
- 47. is a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound.
- 49. is the rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light.
- 50. are unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid.
- 51. is a chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions.
Down
- 1. is an alpha hydroxyl acid used in exfoliation and to lower pH of products.
- 3. are characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not involve a chemical change in the substance.
- 4. are characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance.
- 6. are substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify.
- 7. When a solution indicates a pH below.
- 8. is a special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for the skin, and nail polish dryers.
- 9. the science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.
- 10. is a colorless liquid or white crystals with a strong unpleasant odor that is used in permanent waving solutions to contract and close the hair cuticle.
- 12. is an ion with a positive electrical charge.
- 13. the study of substances that contain the element carbon. All living things or things that were once alive, whether they are plants or animals, contain carbon.
- 15. is an ion with a negative electrical charge.
- 18. are not capable of being mixed to form stable solutions.
- 21. also known as redox, is a chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time.
- 22. is a change in the form without forming a new substance.
- 25. is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions.
- 26. is the dissolved substance in a solution.
- 28. have a definite shape, volume, and weight.
- 29. their chemical relativity to the hydroxide ion (OH2). Term is interchangeable with base.Have a pH above 7.
- 30. have a definite volume and weight but not a definite shape.
- 33. are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form clear solutions.
- 34. are alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products.
- 36. subatomic particles with no charge.
- 37. is the simplest form of chemical matter.
- 38. is a change in a substance’s chemical composition.
- 43. is chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide.
- 44. subatomic particles with a positive charge.
- 45. is an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances (substances that normally will not stay blended) plus a special ingredient called an emulsifier.
- 48. do not have a definite volume or shape.
- 52. is a basic unit of matter with a nucleus.