CH1&2 Biology Crossword

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Across
  1. 1. One of the four types of biological macromolecules; the nucleic acids DNA and RNA store genetic information in unique sequences of nucleotides. (2 words)
  2. 4. A bond formed by two atoms sharing electrons. (2 words)
  3. 6. Liquid at room temperature and is found in plant fats, fish, and vegetable oils. (2 words)
  4. 8. A lipid similar in structure to fats but only has one long-chain fatty acid linked to the glycerol head of the molecule; because the fatty acid chain is highly nonpolar, these are strongly hydrophobic.
  5. 9. Knowledge based on experience and observations that are rational, testable, and repeatable.
  6. 11. A functional group characterized by a carbon atom double-bonded to one oxygen atom and single-bonded to another. (2 words)
  7. 12. A chemical within a cell that binds to an enzyme or substrate molecule and in doing so reduces the enzyme's ability to catalyze a reaction.
  8. 13. A chemical within a cell that binds to part of an enzyme away from the active site, but alters the enzyme's shape so as to alter the active site, thereby reducing or blocking the enzyme's ability to bind with substrate. (2 words)
  9. 14. A hypothesis that states a lack of relationship between cause and effect. (2 words)
  10. 15. Disruption of protein folding/unfolding a protein.
  11. 18. The fats in most foods we eat. 3 fatty acids joined to glycerol.
  12. 21. A chemical within a cell that binds to an enzyme, altering the enzyme's shape or structure in a way that causes the enzyme to catalyze a reaction.
  13. 22. A covalent bond between amine group (NH2) of one amino acid and a carboxyl group (COOH) of another.
  14. 23. Otherwise known as "local folding." Folding along short sections of a polymer. (2 words)
  15. 25. An atom that has extra neutrons or fewer neutrons than the number of protons.
  16. 27. The molecule on which an enzyme acts. The active site on the enzyme binds to this, initiating a chemical reaction.
  17. 30. A bond formed between a hydrogen atom in one molecule and another atom (often oxygen or nitrogen atom) in another molecule. (2 words)
  18. 32. A lipid important in regulating growth and development.
  19. 33. The part of an enzyme to which reactants (or substrates) bind and undergo a chemical reaction. (2 words)
  20. 34. Weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH (neutralization).
  21. 35. Large web of molecules that stored glucose molecules are linked together to form.
Down
  1. 2. Any atom with a positive or negative charge.
  2. 3. Formed when large numbers of simple sugars are bonded together.
  3. 5. Otherwise known as "whole molecule folding." The complex 3D shape formed by multiple twists and bends in the polypeptide chain. (2 words)
  4. 7. A chemical within a cell that binds to the active site of an enzyme, blocking substrate molecules from the site and thereby reducing the enzyme's ability to catalyze a reaction. (2 words)
  5. 10. The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. (2 words)
  6. 16. Two or more polypeptide chains bonded together. (2 words)
  7. 17. The minimum energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction. (2 words)
  8. 19. Forms rigid outerskeleton of most insects and crustaceans.
  9. 20. Solid at room temperature, most animal fats, large sums contribute to cardiovascular disease. (2 words)
  10. 24. A primary component of cell walls. Forms a huge variety of plant structures that are visible all around us.
  11. 26. A type of protein that initiates and assists every chemical reaction that occurs.
  12. 28. One nitrogen atom and two hydrogen atoms (NH2). A part of the structure of amino acids. (2 words)
  13. 29. A bond formed by a transfer of electrons. (2 words)
  14. 31. A molecule containing a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogen-containing molecule. The individual units that together, in a unique sequence, constitute a nucleic acid.