Chapter 1 - Challenges to German Unification

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Across
  1. 5. Religious reformer whose challenge to the Catholic Church unintentionally increased divisions among Germans presenting a challenge to unification
  2. 6. Diplomatic principle aimed at preventing any single European nation from becoming too powerful
  3. 7. Fragmented political entity of over 300 German states dissolved after Napoleon’s conquests
  4. 10. Austrian Foreign Minister who sought to preserve the Old Order and prevent German unification at the Congress of Vienna
  5. 12. Belief that people sharing a common language, culture, and history should form an independent nation
  6. 14. Loose alliance of 39 German states formed in 1815 to maintain stability rather than promote unity of the German people
  7. 15. Powerful Largely Protestant German state that rivaled Austria and later became the leader of German unification
  8. 16. System in which power is spread among many independent states rather than controlled by a central authority; design feature of the German Confederation
  9. 17. Treaty that ended the Thirty Years’ War and reinforced the independence and fragmentation of German states making up the Holy Roman Empire
  10. 18. Major European power that opposed German unification to prevent a strong rival on its eastern border
Down
  1. 1. Assembly of representatives from German states that governed the German Confederation (known also as the Bundestag)
  2. 2. Destructive conflict that devastated German territories and weakened hopes for political unity
  3. 3. Economic alliance led by Prussia that removed internal tariffs and strengthened economic unity among German states
  4. 4. Religious movement that split Christianity in Europe and deepened political and cultural divisions in German lands
  5. 8. Dominant conservative power in the German Confederation that chaired the Federal Diet and opposed nationalist and liberal reforms
  6. 9. Political ideology emphasizing individual rights, constitutions, and limits on government power, and empowerment of citizens through democracy
  7. 11. Conservative political system favoring monarchy, aristocracy, and tradition over democratic change
  8. 13. Meeting of European powers after Napoleon’s defeat that created the German Confederation to replace the Holy Roman Empire