Chapter 1 Vocab
Across
- 4. explains how a society creates law as a result of common interest & values, which develop largely because people experience similar socialization
- 5. a model of the criminal justice process whereby a four-tiered hierarchy exists with a few celebrated cases at the top, 3 lower tiers increasing in size as seriousness of cases decline & informed process become more likely to occur
- 13. a court or jury's judgement or verdict of not guilty of the offenses charged
- 14. a model by packer that emphasizes law & order & argues that every effort must be made to suppress crime & to try, convicts & incarcerate offenders &
- 15. a penalty or punishment
- 17. the taking into custody or detaining of one who is suspected of committing a crime
- 18. a model by packer that advocates defendants presumption of innocence protection of suspects rights & limitations placed on police powers to avoid convicting innocent persons
- 19. explains how powerful groups create laws to protect their values & interests in diverse societies
- 20. a specific, fixed period sentence ordered by a court
Down
- 1. the movement of defendants & cases through the criminal justice process/beginning with the commission of a crime,& including stages the involve actions of criminal justice actors working within police, courts ,& correctional agencies
- 2. the legal resolution of a dispute for example, when one is declared guilty or not guilty by a judge or jury
- 3. elements of a crime that enhance its seriousness such as the infliction of torture, killing of a police or corrections officer, and so on
- 6. authority to make decisions in enforcing the law based on observations or judgment rather than the letter of the law
- 7. the legal finding by a jury or judge, or through a guilty plea that is a criminal defendant is guilty
- 8. early release from prison, with conditions attached and under supervision of a parole agency
- 9. circumstances that would tend to lesson the security of the sentence, such as one's youthfulness, mental instability, not having a prior criminal record, and so on
- 10. a scheme whereby one is sentenced for a flexible time period so as to be released released when rehabilitated or when the opportunity for rehabilitation is presented
- 11. a set of rules of values that spell out appropriate human conduct
- 12. a crime control strategy whereby an offender who commits three or more violent offenses will be sentenced to a lengthy term in prison, usually 25 years to life
- 16. the bringing of charges against an individual, based on probable cause, so as to bring the matter before a court