Chapter 2 Vocab Quiz

3. When a study is conducted more than once on a new sample of participants and obtains the same basic results
8. The ability of a study to rule out alternative explanations for a relationship between two variables; ________ validity
9. An alternative explanation for a relationship between two variables
11. The specific way of measuring or manipulating an abstract variable in a particular study; ___________ definition
13. Something of interest that differs from person to person or situation to situation
15. A measure of central tendency that is the middlemost score; it is obtained by lining up the scores from smallest to largest and identifying the middle score

1. A variable whose values the researcher controls, usually by assigning different participants to different levels of that variable
2. A set of propositions explaining how and why people act, think, or feel
4. The full set of cases the researcher is interested in.
5. A local panel of researchers, teachers, citizens, and others who determine whether a research study lives up to the community’s ethical standards
6. A process of inference that applies rules of logic and probability to estimate whether the results obtained in a study’s sample are the same in a larger population; statistical ___________
7. A specific prediction stating what will happen in a study if the theory is correct
10. A measure of central tendency that is the arithmetic average of a group of scores
12. The degree to which it is reasonable to generalize from a study’s sample to its population of interest; ________ validity
14. An observational research method in which researchers study one or two individuals in depth, often those who have a unique condition; _____ study