Chapter 11

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Across
  1. 5. " " at specified time. Both old and new, bigger number
  2. 6. more than one microbe
  3. 9. most severe
  4. 11. where it is aquired
  5. 14. diseases caught from animals
  6. 15. when symptoms subside
  7. 17. skin, adjacent mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract
  8. 20. capable of causing disease in healthy person with normal immune defenses
  9. 23. causes blood clotting
  10. 25. cause disease when hosts defenses are compromised
  11. 27. develops rapidly, short time
  12. 28. the total sum of all microbes
  13. 30. long-term or permanent damage to organs from infectious disease
  14. 32. human microbe project, like human genome project, aims to characterize micorbes on human bodies when healthy vs. in diseased state
  15. 33. limulus amebocyte lysate assay, in blood of horshow grabs, coagulates when in contact with endotoxins (amebocytes lyse)
  16. 34. some microbes survive phagocyte ex. mycobacterium tuberculosis
  17. 37. a microbe whose relationship to host is parasitic and results in infection and disease
  18. 39. the minimum number of microbes necessary to cause infection
  19. 41. a dormant state of microbes in chronic infectious diseases
  20. 42. present in population frequently (cold)
  21. 44. study of frequency and distribution of diseases and other health-related factors
  22. 45. breaks down mucus membranes
  23. 47. deviation from health that results when cumulative effects of infection damage
  24. 49. microbes get past host defences, enter tissues, and multiply
  25. 50. like hemolysins disrupts cell membrane of RBC'S
  26. 54. pneumonia, gastro illness, urniary tract inf., bloodstream inf., surgical site (closridiodes difficile, staph aureus, klesiella species, escherichia coli, enterococcus species
  27. 55. attaching to host cells (depends on binding between specific molecules on both the host and pathogen)
  28. 56. secreted by microbes to break down and inlict damage on tissues
  29. 57. unlikely to to be displaced by incoming microbes (hostile to others)
  30. 59. coming from within human host to cause infection
Down
  1. 1. severity of a disease (establish and cause damage)
  2. 2. number of persons afflicted
  3. 3. develops slowy, continues
  4. 4. number of deaths
  5. 7. lungs (lower respiratory tract), bladder, breast and milk, amniotic fluid
  6. 8. number of people who develop disease in a particular time
  7. 10. causing disease (enzymes or endotoxins, exotoxins, causing septic shock)
  8. 12. occurs occasionally (typhoid)
  9. 13. not spread from host to another (tetanus)
  10. 16. LPS, gram- (fever, inflammation, hemorrage, diarrhea)
  11. 18. becoming established through portal of entry (need correct portal ex. flu and mucus)
  12. 19. healthcare associated infections. Affects 5-15% of hospital patients (compromised, collection point for pathogens, clothing, medical equipment, furniture, doctors, visitors, air, water)
  13. 21. " " throughout body (sepsis)
  14. 22. time b/w initial infection and symptoms
  15. 24. recovery
  16. 26. an organisms potential to cause disease
  17. 29. acquired by many people in an area in short period
  18. 31. where pathogens originate (water, dirt, people, animals)
  19. 35. microo. limited to small area (boil)
  20. 36. spreads from host to another (chicken pox)
  21. 37. early, mild symptoms
  22. 38. and characteristic that contibutes to abilty to establish or cause damage
  23. 40. vating the host usually where they came in
  24. 43. surviving host defenses
  25. 46. organisms coming in from outside the body
  26. 48. needs vaginal birth for microbiome (lactobacillus)
  27. 51. opportunistic pathogen causes another infection with weakened immune system (pneumonia after AIDS)
  28. 52. inactive until active
  29. 53. acute infection that causes initial illness
  30. 58. worlwide (AIDS, COVID)