Chapter 12 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 2. unique lymphocytes that are part of the nonspecific defenses
  2. 4. the initial response of the humoral arm of the immune system to an antigen
  3. 6. branch of the immune system that targets specific antigen; involves B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells
  4. 7. a substance that causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
  5. 8. descendants of a single cell
  6. 12. the passage of blood cells through intact vessel walls into the tissues
  7. 15. including toxins, foreign proteins, or bacteria that, when introduced to the body, is recognized as foreign and activates them immune system
  8. 21. an endocrine gland active in the immune system
  9. 22. a group of plasma proteins that normally circulate in inactive forms
  10. 23. a protein molecule, released by plasma cells, that mediates humoral immunity; an antibody
  11. 25. defensive proteins that assist the innate defenses by attacking microbes directly or by preventing their reproduction
  12. 27. immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen; provides immunological memory
  13. 29. blockage of the harmful effects of bacterial exotoxins or viruses by the binding of antibodies to their functional sites
  14. 30. an enzyme found in sweat, saliva, and tears that is capable of destroying certain kinds of bacteria
  15. 31. a depressed area where vessels enter and leave an organ
  16. 32. member of T cell and B cell clones that provides for immunological memory
  17. 34. natural defenses that protect against all foreign material
  18. 36. the type of T lymphocyte that orchestrates cellular immunity by direct contact with other immune cells and by releasing chemicals called cytokines
  19. 37. pure preparations of identical antibodies that exhibit specificity for a single antigen
  20. 38. an agent or chemical substance that induces fever
  21. 40. cells that display portions of foreign antigens to T cells; include dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes
  22. 41. immunity provided by antibodies released by sensitized B cells and their plasma cell progeny
Down
  1. 1. allergies; overreaction of the immune system to a perceived threat, resulting in tissue damage
  2. 3. type of T lymphocyte that slows or stops activity of B and T cells once the antigenic threat is ended
  3. 4. short-lived immunity resulting from the introduction of “ donated antibodies” obtained from an immune animal or human donor
  4. 5. white blood cells formed in the bone marrow that mature in the lymphoid tissue
  5. 9. organs in the lymphatic system, including lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils
  6. 10. second and subsequent responses of the humoral arm of the immune system to a previously met antigen
  7. 11. weakened or killed antigen injected into a person for the purpose of stimulating a primary immune response; conveys artificial active immunity; results in immunological memory
  8. 13. the process by which a B cell or T cell becomes sensitized through biding contact with an antigen
  9. 14. disease-causing microorganisms
  10. 16. a physiological response of the body to tissue injury
  11. 17. the lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissues and organs, including lymph nodes
  12. 18. effector T cell that directly kills foreign cells
  13. 19. immunity conferred by lymphocytes called T cells
  14. 20. cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissue
  15. 24. resulting from the deficient production or function of immune cells or certain molecules
  16. 26. member of a B cell clone; specialized to produce and release antibodies
  17. 28. antigen-specific defenses mounted by activated lymphocytes
  18. 33. the body system responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign cells
  19. 35. lymphocytes that oversee humoral immunity; their descendants differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells
  20. 39. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in body parts or tissues; causes swelling