Chapter 14 Key Terms

2. Words or expressions that have been directly translated into a different language, such as the French word gratte-ciel, literally “scratch-sky,” which is a calque on the English word for skyscraper.
5. Refers to a variety of American English spoken by many African American
6. A name given to a group of people based on ethnicity.
10. An English-based creole with many West African language features, spoken in the coastal areas of the southeastern United States.
11. Fake variety of English that is characterized by fake Chinese accents, attributed to Asian Americans regardless of their ethnic origin and first language.
12. The understanding of linguistic change in the context or community in which the change occurs.
13. The blending of both English and Spanish that is spoken by speakers who know both languages to varying degrees.
14. Distinction between social groups through differences in economics, education, and familial prestige.

1. The use of Spanish-inspired phrases in English to create a fake or mock Spanish, popularized by the anthropologist Jane Hill.
3. A variety of American English said to be spoken by many African Americans.
4. Refers to the association of individuals with whom a speaker regularly interacts.
7. A language that children learn at home in a society that speaks a different language
8. The form of a language that is spoken in informal, everyday settings and is commonly seen as less prestigious
9. A popular “common sense” theory of how the world works, often unsubstantiated or stereotypical.