Chapter 17

3. shafts dug deep into the ground to find and remove a mineral
4. deposits of moist sand and clay containing bitumen
5. energy that is nearly always available somewhere on earth's surface
6. the extraction of a mineral by removing a strip of the layers of soil and rock on top of the mineral deposit
9. energy made by the flow of an electric charge
10. process in which fuel burns because it combines rapidly with oxygen
11. an expression of how much of the energy put into a system actually does useful work
14. icelike solid that consists of molecules of methane within a crystal network of water molecules
15. energy an object has due to its position or shape

1. occurs when sulfide minerals in exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid
2. chemical compounds that are derived from oil and used to make products
4. rock filled with a mixture of hydrocarbons
7. a dark, liquid fossil fuel made mostly of hydrocarbons
8. cannot be replaced when completely used up
12. ability to do work or cause changer
13. energy an object has due to its motion