Chapter 18 & 19 Vocab

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Across
  1. 2. / a measure of the concentration of hydronium ions, H3O+, in a solution
  2. 3. / the component of a solution that is present in the greatest amount
  3. 5. effect / the scattering of light by the particles in a colloid
  4. 7. energy / energy needed to break chemical bonds in the reactants to start a reaction
  5. 9. / a mixture that contains particles that are greater than 1,000 nanometers
  6. 12. reactant / a reactant that is not completely used up in a chemical reaction
  7. 15. / a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water
  8. 17. / a mixture of two or more substances that is homogenous at the molecular level
  9. 18. / a certain length of time after which half the amount of a radioactive element has undergone radioactive decay
  10. 21. / the reaction of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water
  11. 22. scale / it goes form 1 to 14 with 1 being very acidic and 14 being very basic
  12. 23. reaction / an endothermic reaction that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves in water to make an ionic solution
  13. 26. / describes a chemical reaction that releases more energy than it uses
  14. 28. / describes a solution with a concentration less than the maximum solubility
  15. 29. bond / an intermolecular force between the hydrogen on one molecule to an atom on another molecule
  16. 30. / the moles of solute per liter of solution
  17. 33. rate / the change in concentration of reactant or products in a chemical reaction over time
  18. 34. / any component of a solution other than the solvent
  19. 35. equilibrium / the state at which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction for a chemical reaction
  20. 37. reactant / a reactant that is used up first in a chemical reaction
Down
  1. 1. / to separate and disperse a solid into individual particles in the presence of a solvent
  2. 2. yield / the actual yield of a product in a chemical reaction divided by the predicted yield and multiplied by 100
  3. 4. fission / a nuclear reaction in which the nuclei of heavier atoms are split to make lighter atoms
  4. 6. / the ratio of solute to solvent in a solution
  5. 8. / describes a chemical reaction that uses more energy than it releases
  6. 10. molecule / a molecule that has a negative and a positive end or pole
  7. 11. / describes a solution with a concentration greater than the maximum solubility
  8. 13. / the state of a solution in which the dissolving rate equal the rate at which molecules come out of solution
  9. 14. rules / a set of rules used to predict whether an ionic compound will be soluble or insoluble in water
  10. 16. / a molecule added to a chemical reaction that increases the reaction rate without getting used up in the process
  11. 19. / a molecule that slows down a chemical reaction
  12. 20. / a mixture that contains evenly distributed particles that are 1 to 1,000 nanometers in size
  13. 24. molecular theory / the concept that all atoms and molecules exhibit random motion
  14. 25. / describes a solution that has as much solute as the solvent can dissolve under the conditions
  15. 27. / when a solute is unable to dissolve in a particular solvent
  16. 31. / a solution of two or more solids
  17. 32. polar molecule / a molecule that does not have distinctly-charged poles
  18. 36. / a substance that produces hydronium ions (H3O+) when dissolved
  19. 38. percent / the mass of the solute divided by the total mass of the solution multiplied by 100