Chapter 2

4. a rapidly spinning neutron star that emits rapid pulses of radio and optical energy
6. dwarf – a small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star
9. magnitude – thee brightness of a star seen from the Earth
11. a gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space
12. star a star that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons

1. magnitude – the brightness that a star would have at a distance of 32.6 light-years from Earth
2. an apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from different locationsRed giant – a large, reddish star late in its life cycle
3. the band of color produced when white light passes through a prism
5. the distance that light travels in one year; about 9.5 trillion kilometers (5.903 x 10^12 miles)
7. diagram – Hertzsprung-Russell diagram – a graph that shows the relationship between a star’s surface temperature and absolute magnitude
8. sequence the location on the H-R diagram where most stars lie
10. hole an object so massive and dense that even light cannot escape its gravity