Chapter 2 - Carbohydrates
Across
- 2. type of dietary fiber found in wheat bran, seeds, vegetable stalks, and the skins of fruits; reduces risk of constipation and related problems
- 5. excess carbohydrates can be manufactured into _________ for storage and later utilized as an energy source
- 6. carbohydrates are considered _________ sparing because if the body has adequate carbohydrates to metabolize, __________ can be used for tissue creation and repair
- 7. low blood sugar
- 10. indigestible polysaccharides with health benefits ranging from blood sugar control, reduced cancer and heart disease risk, reduced constipation risk, and improved gut bacteria
- 12. type of dietary fiber found in oats, barley, legumes, fruits, and vegetables; reduces cholesterol and heart disease risk
- 13. complex carbohydrates made up of at least 10 monosaccharides; commonly referred to as starch or fiber
- 17. examples include honey, fresh and dried fruits, jams, and jellies
- 18. hormone released by the pancreas to help avoid hyperglycemia; chronically high levels of this hormone may increase type 2 diabetes risk
- 20. examples include table sugar and milk
Down
- 1. metabolism which creates energy primarily from carbohydrates; occurs when there is insufficient oxygen to meet energy demands
- 3. complex carbohydrates are generally recommended a few hours before competition while __________ carbohydrates should be consumed during the competition, especially if the event lasts more than an hour
- 4. preferred energy substrate; known as the flexible fuel because it can be metabolized with or without oxygen
- 8. carbohydrate storage in the body is limited to about 1,500 calories in the muscles and 300 calories in the __________.
- 9. high blood sugar
- 11. measurement of how foods have an impact on blood sugar; foods high on this scale cause a rapid rise in blood sugar for immediate energy while foods low on this scale provide a slower but more sustained source of energy
- 14. also referred to as glucose, this is the primary fuel for the brain
- 15. hormone produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress; increases blood sugar by breaking down bone, muscle, and fat tissues
- 16. a small snack and drink (possibly tea) to ensure stable blood sugar levels between meals
- 19. metabolism which creates energy from all three energy substrates (fats, protein, and carbohydrates); requires oxygen