Chapter 25 Digestive and Endocrine Systems
Across
- 3. largest internal organ of the body; produces bile
- 6. thyroid hormone involved in regulation of blood calcium levels
- 10. substance, such as estrogen, that is produced by an endocrine gland and acts on target cells
- 11. process by which an individual takes in and uses food, which provides building blocks for growth and energy to maintain body mass
- 13. physical breakdown of food that occurs when food is chewed into smaller pieces and then churned by the stomach and small intestine
- 17. digestive enzyme involved in the stomach's chemical digestion of proteins
- 18. functions in homeostasis by regulating water balance
- 19. rhythmic, wavelike muscular contractions that move food throughout the digestive tract
- 21. hormone produced by the pancreas that works with glucagon to maintain the level of sugar in the blood
- 22. a glucocorticoid that raises blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and is produced by the adrenal cortex
- 23. hormone-producing gland that releases its product into the bloodstream
- 24. end portion of the digestive tract; involved primarily in water absorption
Down
- 1. hormone produced by the pancreas that signals liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose and release glucose into the blood
- 2. longest part of the digestive tract; involved in mechanical and chemical digestion
- 4. muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach and moves food to the stomach by the process of peristalsis
- 5. fingerlike structure through which most nutrients are absorbed from within the small intestine
- 7. substance produced by the parathyroid gland that increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bones to release calcium
- 8. steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that acts on the kidneys and is important for sodium reabsorption
- 9. unit used to measure the energy content of food
- 12. inorganic compound, such as calcium, that is used as building material by the body and is involved with metabolic functions
- 14. digestive enzyme in saliva that begins the process of chemical digestion in the mouth by breaking down starches into sugars
- 15. chemical breakdown of food by digestive enzymes such as amylase into smaller molecules that cells can absorb
- 16. fat-soluble or water-soluble organic compound needed in very small amounts for the body's metabolic activities
- 19. endocrine gland located at the base of the brain; called the "master gland" because it regulates many body functions
- 20. thyroid hormone that increases the metabolic rate of cells