Chapter 25 Digestive and Endocrine Systems

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Across
  1. 3. largest internal organ of the body; produces bile
  2. 6. thyroid hormone involved in regulation of blood calcium levels
  3. 10. substance, such as estrogen, that is produced by an endocrine gland and acts on target cells
  4. 11. process by which an individual takes in and uses food, which provides building blocks for growth and energy to maintain body mass
  5. 13. physical breakdown of food that occurs when food is chewed into smaller pieces and then churned by the stomach and small intestine
  6. 17. digestive enzyme involved in the stomach's chemical digestion of proteins
  7. 18. functions in homeostasis by regulating water balance
  8. 19. rhythmic, wavelike muscular contractions that move food throughout the digestive tract
  9. 21. hormone produced by the pancreas that works with glucagon to maintain the level of sugar in the blood
  10. 22. a glucocorticoid that raises blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and is produced by the adrenal cortex
  11. 23. hormone-producing gland that releases its product into the bloodstream
  12. 24. end portion of the digestive tract; involved primarily in water absorption
Down
  1. 1. hormone produced by the pancreas that signals liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose and release glucose into the blood
  2. 2. longest part of the digestive tract; involved in mechanical and chemical digestion
  3. 4. muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach and moves food to the stomach by the process of peristalsis
  4. 5. fingerlike structure through which most nutrients are absorbed from within the small intestine
  5. 7. substance produced by the parathyroid gland that increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bones to release calcium
  6. 8. steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that acts on the kidneys and is important for sodium reabsorption
  7. 9. unit used to measure the energy content of food
  8. 12. inorganic compound, such as calcium, that is used as building material by the body and is involved with metabolic functions
  9. 14. digestive enzyme in saliva that begins the process of chemical digestion in the mouth by breaking down starches into sugars
  10. 15. chemical breakdown of food by digestive enzymes such as amylase into smaller molecules that cells can absorb
  11. 16. fat-soluble or water-soluble organic compound needed in very small amounts for the body's metabolic activities
  12. 19. endocrine gland located at the base of the brain; called the "master gland" because it regulates many body functions
  13. 20. thyroid hormone that increases the metabolic rate of cells