Chapter 3 Crossword
Across
- 2. powers Powers specifically listed in the Constitution as belonging to the federal government (like coining money, declaring war, regulating interstate commerce).
- 4. A theory of government where a small group of wealthy or influential people hold most political power.
- 7. clause Found in Article VI of the Constitution; establishes that the Constitution and federal laws are the “supreme law of the land,” overriding state laws when they conflict.
- 9. doctrine The legal principle (through the 14th Amendment) that most protections in the Bill of Rights also apply to state governments, not just the federal government.
- 14. The idea that government power comes from the people and is exercised through elected representatives, not direct rule by citizens.
- 15. review The power of the courts (especially the Supreme Court) to declare laws or government actions unconstitutional.
- 16. A formal meeting or assembly. In U.S. history, it can mean gatherings like the Constitutional Convention of 1787 or modern political party conventions.
- 17. Treating something sacred (like the U.S. flag) with disrespect. Often debated in free speech cases.
Down
- 1. To formally approve something, such as treaties or constitutional amendments.
- 3. domain The government’s power to take private property for public use, as long as it provides fair compensation (5th Amendment).
- 4. clause, Also called the Necessary and Proper Clause (Article I, Section 8). It gives Congress the flexibility to pass laws needed to carry out its enumerated powers.
- 5. Official changes or additions to the Constitution. There are 27 amendments, such as the Bill of Rights (first 10).
- 6. Citizen-soldier groups that can be called to defend a community or state; mentioned in the 2nd Amendment.
- 8. cause Reasonable grounds for making an arrest, searching property, or pressing charges, required under the 4th Amendment.
- 10. Officially canceled or overturned, such as the repeal of Prohibition with the 21st Amendment.
- 11. A theory that power in government is spread among many groups, so no single group dominates.
- 12. Sections of a document.
- 13. To bring charges against a federal official (like the president) for misconduct. The House votes to impeach; the Senate holds the trial.
- 15. The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case.