Chapter 3: Learning, Motivation, and Performance

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Across
  1. 2. Theories of motivation describing the various types of human needs that motivate behavior.
  2. 5. A part of social learning theory in which learning is translated into behavior through practice.
  3. 6. A belief about our ability to perform successfully.
  4. 7. A mental activity such as information storage, retrieval or use.
  5. 9. The Process of changing our cognitive map of the world to correspond with our experience in it.
  6. 12. A relatively permanent change in cognition resulting from experience and directly influencing behavior.
  7. 13. The association of a generalized response to some signal in the environment.
  8. 15. Something undesirable that happens to you as a result of your behavior-it can be tangible or psychological or both and can come from the environment or be self-administered.
  9. 17. A cognitive theory of learning that incorporates anticipatory learning.
  10. 18. Behavior followed by satisfying experiences tends to be repeated, and behavior followed by annoyance or dissatisfaction tends to be avoided.
  11. 19. The degree to which an individual is predisposed toward a learning goal rather than a performance goal. In other words, the focus of the individual is on learning rather than achieving some performance standard.
  12. 22. A type of learning where specific types of behavior are reinforced.
  13. 23. A motivation theory using cognitive processes as a means of determining the best course of action for achieving one’s goals.
  14. 24. Higher-level needs in the ERG model that include feelings or self-worth and competency.
  15. 25. The incorporation of new experiences into our existing cognitive structure without changing the structure.
  16. 26. The attractiveness of outcomes to an individual.
  17. 27. Learning that occurs through observing others and the types of consequences that result when others behave in particular ways.
  18. 28. A process in social learning theory in which the brain translates external information into meaningful internal symbols (such as language).
  19. 29. This model (See Figure 3-1) shows that a person’s performance depends on the interaction of motivation, KSAs, and environment.
  20. 30. The physical surroundings in which performance must occur, including barriers and aids to performance, and objects and events that might be seen as indicating that performance will be rewarded or punished.
  21. 31. Motivational theories that that describe how a person translates their needs into behavior designed to satisfy those needs.
  22. 32. A theory of motivational needs, derived by Alderfer based on the work of Maslow, and describing three types of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth.
  23. 33. A theory of motivation that uses the Law of Effect to predict behavior.
Down
  1. 1. Removal of something that you find annoying, that frustrating, or unpleasant as a result of your behavior.
  2. 3. the process of storing informationin the brain and being able to access what has been stored.
  3. 4. The degree to which an individual is predisposed toward a performance goal rather than a learning goal. In other words, the focus of the individual is on performance standard rather than achieving some learning.
  4. 8. Lower-level needs in the ERG model representing physiological and security needs.
  5. 10. A process in social learning theory in which the person is able to increase the retention of newly learned material through visualization or imagining of how some set of knowledge or skill will be used.
  6. 11. The process whereby the group determines and enforces its norms.
  7. 14. A form of punishment in which something desirable is removed.
  8. 16. The direction, persistence, and amount of effort expended by an individual to achieve a specific outcome.
  9. 20. A natural tendency in adults to resist learning new processes, systems, or information, stemming from a fear of the unknown, and the possible losses to the individual that the new learning signifies.
  10. 21. A person’s need to be valued and accepted by others.