Chapter 4

3. fitness The ability to carry out daily tasks easily and have enough reserve energy to respond to unexpected demands
5. How much time you devote to a session
7. Frequency, intensity, time/duration, and type of activity
9. How hard you work at the activity per session
10. endurance The ability of the muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without becoming fatigued
13. up An activity that prepares the muscles for work
14. Particular exercises and activities improve particular areas of health-related fitness
17. out The part of the exercise program when the activity is performed at its highest peak
19. strength The amount of force a muscle can exert
21. Purposeful physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and that improves or maintains personal fitness
23. A condition characterized by a decrease in bone density, producing porous and fragile bones
24. composition The ratio of body fat to lean body tissue, including muscle, bone, water, and connective tissue such as ligaments, cartilage, and tendons
25. exercise Intense short bursts of activity in which the muscles work so hard that they produce energy without using oxygen
26. How often you do the activity each week
27. Working the body harder than is it normally worked

1. The ability to move a body part through a full range of motion
2. exercise Any activity that uses large muscle groups, is rhythmic in nature, and can be maintained continuously for at least 10 minutes three times a day or for 20 to 30 minutes at one time
4. A serious disorder that prevent the body from converting food into energy
6. The process by which your body gets energy from food
8. system By helping you respond more quickly to stimuli, physical activity can improve your reaction time. This is especially helpful when driving and cycling.
11. system Regular physical activity strengthens the heart muscle, allowing it to pump blood more efficiently
12. heart rate The number of times your heart beats in one minute when you are not active
15. Activity Any form of movement that causes your body to use energy
16. The gradual increase in overload necessary to achieve higher levels of fitness
18. endurance The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to utilize and send fuel and oxygen to the body’s tissues during long periods of moderate-to-vigorous activity
20. system you can breathe larger amounts of air, and the muscles used in respiration don’t tire out as quickly. This helps you perform such activities as running farther without getting out of breath.
22. lifestyle A way of life that involves little physical activity