Chapter 4-5 Crossword

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Across
  1. 3. An identical genetic copy of its parents.-Clone
  2. 7. Reproduction with the help of budding, binary fission or spore formation without gametes.-Asexual reproduction
  3. 11. A round body that sits in the nucleus and has a vital role in creating ribosomes.-Nucleolus
  4. 15. Found in plant cells, contains chlorophyll.-Chloroplasts
  5. 17. The substance in cells that speeds up chemical reactions that can either bring up or break down a molecule.-Enzymes
  6. 19. The substance in a cell's nucleus that consists of RNA, DNA and many other proteins.-Chromatin
  7. 21. The longest cell cycle stage.-Interphase
  8. 22. A specialized structure in cell that has a specific function.-Organelle
  9. 23. Cells in plants that come together to form structures that produce identical clones of the existing plant.-Vegetative reproduction
  10. 27. A small single-celled reproductive body produced by plants.-Spores
  11. 28. Are made up of DNA and are the ones that carry all the necessary information to a cell to help it grow and reproduce and become the organism it is suppose to be.-Chromosome
  12. 29. A storage bubble that stores nutrients for the cell and even waste.-Vacuoles
  13. 31. The shortest stage of the cell cycle, it is where the nuclear's content divides.-Mitosis
  14. 34. The process of dividing the cytoplasm from the cell, resulting in two daughter cells.-Cytokinesis
  15. 36. When a single celled organism splits into identical copies.-Binary fission
  16. 38. Contains all cell.-Cell membrane
  17. 39. A serious illness caused by damaged cells accumulating into tumors.-Cancer
  18. 42. Mutation due to a change in a gene.- Hormones
  19. 43. Root component of all living cells, including many substances such as enzymes and antibodies.-Proteins
  20. 44. The part of a cell that controls the appearance and growth of an organism.-Genes
Down
  1. 1. Two identical copies that came from the same chromosome and are connected by a centromere.-Sister chromatids
  2. 2. Genetic engineering used to help fix defected cells in a human.-Gene therapy
  3. 4. A mutation that has no affect on the organism.-Neutral mutation
  4. 5. The molecule that holds all genetic information of the development and function of a cell.-Deoxyribonucleic acid
  5. 6. The brain of the cell.-Nucleus
  6. 8. Cells obtained from an embryo.-Embryonic stem cells
  7. 9. Works as a packing system for proteins.-Endoplasmic reticulum
  8. 10. Act like the messenger molecule that help control how cells and organs do their work.- Hormones
  9. 12. A mutation that decreases the ability of a cell to survive.-Negative mutation
  10. 13. The process of creating an identical copy of something.-Replication
  11. 14. They can increase the risk of a induced genetic mutation.-Mutagens
  12. 16. Extend from the cell poles and pull chromosomes apart.-Spindle fibres
  13. 18. Its job is to monitor the nutrients coming from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, preventing unnecessary materials to enter.-Nuclear pores
  14. 20. Hold together chromatids.-Centromere
  15. 23. There job is to transport molecules from the Golgi body to different areas of a cell.-Vesicles
  16. 24. Its job is to gather and package organelles.-Golgi body
  17. 25. A mutation that improves the ability of a cell to survive.-Positive mutation
  18. 26. The double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus.-Nuclear membrane
  19. 30. Only found in plant cells, they surround every cell.-Cell wall
  20. 32. Create the protein necessary for a cell.-Ribosomes
  21. 33. Acts like the digestive system for a cell.-Mitochondria
  22. 35. Cells that are able to produce cells of other types.-Stem cells
  23. 37. When a part of an organism breaks off and grows into a clone of its parents.-Fragmentation
  24. 38. Fluid that fills a cell.-Cytoplasm
  25. 40. Is encoded in a cell until the ladder-like structure unwinds and replicates.-DNA
  26. 41. When areas of multicelluar organisms go under various cycles of mitosis in order to form an identical organism.-Budding