Chapter 4: Hinduism

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Across
  1. 6. Siddhartha Gautama and all others who have by their own insight attained perfect enlightenment
  2. 7. The second of the Four Noble Truths and selfish desire
  3. 8. The Four Noble ___ are the central teachings of Buddhism; to live is to experience suffering; suffering is caused by desires; the cessation of suffering can be achieved
  4. 9. The ___ Lama is the spiritual leader of Vajrayana Buddhism, believed to be an incarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
  5. 10. Prevalent form of Buddhism in Cambodia, Burma, Sri Lanka, and Thailand; focuses on the earliest texts and emphasizes monastic lifestyle
  6. 12. The teachings of the Buddha, and one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism
  7. 14. The largest of Buddhism's three divisions, prevalent in China, Japan, and Korea; encompasses a variety of forms, including those that emphasize devotion and prayer to the Buddhas and bodhisattvas
  8. 17. Named for the vajra, the Buddha's diamond scepter; prevalent form of Buddhism in Tibet; emphasizes the harnessing of sensual energies to attain nirvana
  9. 18. Choreographed hand movements used in the rituals of Vajrayana Buddhism
  10. 19. The Five ___ are the basic moral requirements that are binding for all Buddhists
  11. 21. The first of the Four Noble Truths, the basic Buddha insight that suffering is part of the human condition
  12. 22. An ancient language of India, similar to Sanskrit but more commonly understood, and used in the writing of the earlies Buddhist texts; most important for Theravada Buddhism
Down
  1. 1. The Three Marks of ___ are characteristics that summarize the changing nature of reality: no anatta, anicca, and dukkha
  2. 2. The Buddhist community of monks and nuns; one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism
  3. 3. One who has become enlightened, the ideal type for Theravada Buddhism
  4. 4. Patterned icons that visually excite; used in Vajrayana Buddhism to enhance meditation
  5. 5. The ultimate goal of all Buddhists; the extinction of desire and any sense of individual selfhood, resulting in liberation from samsara and its limiting conditions
  6. 6. Future Buddhas. As the ideal types for Mahayana Buddhism, beings who have experienced enlightenment but, motivated by compassion, stop short of entering nirvana so as to help others achieve it
  7. 11. Phrases or syllables chanted to evoke a deity or to enhance meditation; used in Hinduism and Buddhism, especially in Vajrayana
  8. 13. One of the Three Marks of Existence; the Buddhist doctrine that things are constantly changing.
  9. 15. One of the Three Marks of Existence; the Buddhist doctrine denying a permanent self
  10. 16. The ___ Way is a basic Buddhist teaching that rejects both the pleasure of sensual indulgence and the self-denial of asceticism, focusing instead on a practical approach to spiritual attainment
  11. 20. The Noble ___ Path is the fourth of the Four Noble Truths; defines the basic practices of Buddhism that lead to nirvana