Chapter 4 Study Guide
Across
- 2. City-state that was at war with Athens and Sparta for 66 years.
- 3. Greek hero whose anger led to disaster: only weak point was his heel.
- 5. Athenian political leader.
- 7. Greeks during the dark ages who established themselves in southwestern Greece and in some Aegean Islands.
- 8. Place where the oracle of Apollo was.
- 9. Established the Mathematical Constant, pi.
- 14. Astronomer who calculated the Earth's circumference at 24675 miles.
- 19. Greek playwright who wrote Oedipus Rex.
- 20. Story of Odysseus' journey home after the Trojan War.
- 21. Place where the Greek gods lived.
- 23. Greek city-state the conquered land instead of making colonies.
- 24. Rulers who seized power by force from the aristocrates.
- 25. Bordering sea of Greece that makes up the western border.
- 29. Society that greatly influenced mainland Greece and it was an elaborate civilization.
- 33. Heavily armed infantry soldiers.
- 36. Greatest historian of the ancient world.
- 39. Greek city-state that became an oligarchy and nearly fell into civil war, but was reformed.
- 40. Peoples to the north of Greece: were considered savages.
- 41. Many Greeks left mainland and settled in Ionia: advances in agriculture and iron replaced bronze.
- 50. "to imitate Greeks": Era created by Alexander the Great.
- 54. Battle formation where Hoplites marched shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation.
- 57. An organized system of thought.
- 58. Every male citizen voted on government decisions.
- 59. Strip of land in Asia Minor that the Greeks colonized.
- 61. People that the Spartans conquered and used as slaves.
- 62. Athenian alliance that Athens took money from.
- 63. Taught students to live by a code of ethics.
Down
- 1. Macedonian who invaded Greece when they were weakened by the war between Sparta and Athens.
- 2. First type of Greek drama and were usually trilogies.
- 4. Mountain pass where the battle of the 300 Spartans occured: Spartans lost, but Greece united later to beat Persia.
- 5. Famous for his Pythagorean Theorum.
- 6. Sacred shrine where gods and goddesses communicated through priests.
- 10. Wrote "Elements": book about plane geometry.
- 11. Greek poetwho recounted the military actions of the Battle of Troy.
- 12. Mountains and Oceans caused Greek city-states to develop differently and protected them from each other and outside forces.
- 13. Human beings are meant to follow their own self interest.
- 15. Famous for their Art of Pursuasive Speaking.
- 16. Ancient Minoan city that held a giant palace that contained artifacts of the culture.
- 17. Stroy of Achilles in the Trojan War.
- 18. Wrote the only complete Greek trilogy we posses, Oresteia.
- 22. Student of Socrates: didn't trust democracy and wrote "The Republic."
- 26. Taught "Don't trust your senses, but what can be proven."
- 27. Island where Minoan civilization began.
- 28. Government is ruled by the people.
- 29. Southern border of Greece that holds the Island of Crete.
- 30. Inherited the Macedonian kingdom and conquered most of the known world.
- 31. Greek capitol of Egypt.
- 32. Government is ruled by the few.
- 34. Areain western Asia Minor that was conquered by Alexander and later, the Romans.
- 35. Persian king who invaded Greece as revenge for Ionian rebellion.
- 37. Find happiness by living in harmony with the will of God.
- 38. Persian King who attacked Thermopolae to get to Greece.
- 42. Open area that people used as a market and a place to assemble.
- 43. Written in a q&a format.
- 44. One of the seas that borders Greece: it created the eastern border.
- 45. Greek name for a city-state.
- 46. Controlled by Persia, but Athens helped Ionia lead a revolt.
- 47. Practice of banning politicians that voters felt were a threat: practiced in Athens.
- 48. 5 elected men who were responsible for the education of youth and the conduct of all citizens.
- 49. Greek hitorian who wrote "History of the Persian Wars."
- 51. Greek playwright who made more realistic characters and was sympathetic towards women.
- 52. Greek word for excellence: achieved in a struggle or contest and a showing of bravery.
- 53. Fortified hilltop that served as a place of refuge and a religious center.
- 55. Athenian reformer created a 500 man council which was the basis for Athenian democracy.
- 56. Fortified site on mainland Greece which was the center of the Mycenaean Greek civilization.
- 60. Athenian reformer who canceled all land debts.