Chapter 4 Vocabulary Quiz

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Across
  1. 1. is the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
  2. 8. or light-independent reactions, dark reactions, or photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle of photosynthesis are the chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose.
  3. 10. is an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances, obtains nutrients from other sources.
  4. 11. a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells.
  5. 14. is a trinucleotide (3 in a row) sequence of DNA or RNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.
  6. 16. is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane.
  7. 18. single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.
  8. 20. is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water to make glucose.
  9. 21. is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine triphosphate, and then release waste products; occurs in the mitochondria.
Down
  1. 2. is the green pigment of plant cells that is necessary for photosynthesis.
  2. 3. in photosynthesis, the reactions that take place on the thylakoid membranes and require light.
  3. 4. is an organic compound that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, adenosine with 3 phosphates;ATP.
  4. 5. is the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat, common types are alcoholic and lactic acid.
  5. 6. such as carbon dioxide is an ________.
  6. 7. is the chemical reactions that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
  7. 9. is RNA consisting of folded molecules which transport amino acids from the cytoplasm of a cell to a ribosome.
  8. 12. is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells, adenosine with 2 phosphates; ADP.
  9. 13. the sequence of reactions by which most living cells generate energy during the process of aerobic respiration.
  10. 15. is an enzyme necessary for the conversion of phosphate and adenosine.
  11. 17. a process whereby certain organisms obtain cellular energy from the breakdown of inorganic chemicals is called __________.
  12. 19. An organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic