Chapter 42 and 43 Review

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Across
  1. 3. Particles of plastic waste less than five millimeters in size that contaminate aquatic ecosystems.
  2. 6. The gross primary production minus the energy used by primary producers for their own autotrophic respiration.
  3. 8. The process by which atmospheric gases absorb and radiate infrared radiation back toward Earth, trapping heat.
  4. 10. Trophic level consisting of autotrophs that support all other levels in an ecosystem.
  5. 12. The physical laws stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed and that conversions are inefficient.
  6. 17. Nonliving organic material, such as the remains of dead organisms, feces, and fallen leaves.
  7. 18. A downward spiral in which inbreeding and genetic drift cause a small population to shrink until it becomes extinct.
  8. 19. A consumer that derives its energy from nonliving organic matter, also known as a decomposer.
  9. 22. An introduced species that establishes itself in a new region and causes environmental harm.
  10. 23. A carnivore that eats other carnivores.
  11. 25. A restoration strategy that uses organisms to add essential materials to a degraded ecosystem.
  12. 26. A species that is considered likely to become endangered in the near future.
  13. 28. The field of ecology that initiates or speeds up the recovery of degraded ecosystems.
  14. 29. The process of converting N2 to forms that can be used to synthesize organic nitrogen compounds.
  15. 30. The process by which a body of water becomes enriched in nutrients, often leading to oxygen depletion.
  16. 32. The total primary production in an ecosystem.
  17. 33. A species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or much of its range.
Down
  1. 1. An organism, such as a plant or algae, that supports all other trophic levels by converting solar energy into chemical energy.
  2. 2. A carnivore that eats herbivores.
  3. 4. An element that must be added for production to increase in a particular ecosystem.
  4. 5. The variety of life considered at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels.
  5. 7. The use of organisms, such as prokaryotes or fungi, to detoxify polluted ecosystems.
  6. 9. Development that meets the needs of people today without limiting the ability of future generations to meet theirs.
  7. 11. An herbivore that eats primary producers.
  8. 13. Nutrient circuits that involve both biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.
  9. 14. The harvesting of wild organisms at rates exceeding the ability of their populations to rebound.
  10. 15. The biological process that returns nitrogen to the atmosphere.
  11. 16. Our innate sense of connection to nature and all forms of life.
  12. 18. The one-way passage of energy through an ecosystem, entering as sunlight and leaving as heat.
  13. 20. The breaking of a large habitat into smaller, isolated patches, which increases edge habitat.
  14. 21. A narrow strip of habitat that connects otherwise isolated patches to promote dispersal.
  15. 24. The amount of chemical energy in consumers' food that is converted to their own new biomass.
  16. 27. The percentage of production transferred from one trophic level to the next, usually about ten percent.
  17. 31. The sum of all organisms in a given area and the abiotic factors with which they interact.