Chapter 5

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Across
  1. 1. one of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life
  2. 5. the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the need for energy
  3. 8. a cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process enhances the process itself
  4. 9. a group of two or more organs that work together to perform a particular function
  5. 12. the genetic material of eukaryotic cells consisting of DNA and associated proteins
  6. 16. the pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane of a plant cell; maintains plant rigidity
  7. 18. the cellular organelle that processes and packages in preparation for secreting them from a cell
  8. 21. structure found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive
  9. 22. the non membranerbound region in prokaryotic cells that contains most of the genetic material
  10. 23. the cellular organelle that directs the protein-building process
  11. 24. an organism consisting of only two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism
  12. 27. a spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell's nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured
  13. 28. a cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes
  14. 29. describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration of a cytoplasm in a cell
  15. 32. a cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process inhibits the process itself
  16. 36. a stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast
  17. 38. the structure within cells that helps define their shape, maintain internal organization, and aids in division and movement
  18. 39. the internal balance within the systems of living organisms that must be kept stable in order to maintain life
  19. 40. a rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane
  20. 41. the central portion of an atom where protons and neutrons are located
  21. 42. the movement of substances across a cell membrane from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration by any means the requires the use of energy
Down
  1. 2. describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membranetbound organelles
  2. 3. describes a solution whose solute concentration is less than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
  3. 4. describes a solution whose solute concentration is greater than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
  4. 6. a thin layer of phospholipids and proteins that defines the boundary of a cell
  5. 7. describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membranetbound organelle
  6. 10. transports compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell's shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells
  7. 11. a cellular organelle found in plant cells that contain the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place
  8. 13. an organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell's shape through turgor pressure
  9. 14. transports compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell's shape; is studded with ribosomes and processes the protein made by ribosomes
  10. 15. a protective coating found outside the cell calls for many bacteria
  11. 17. a structure made of two or more tissues that work together to perform a particular function
  12. 19. a type of passive transport in which substances can move across a cell membrane through special protein channels embedded in the membrane
  13. 20. the cellular organelle in which aerobic respiration takes place to release energy from food
  14. 25. a short hairlike extensions of a cell used either for movement or as a sensory organelle
  15. 26. the two layers of phospholipids that make up a cell membrane
  16. 30. the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane
  17. 31. the thick fluid inside cells that contain the organelles
  18. 33. a cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubules
  19. 34. an organism consisting of only one cell
  20. 35. a non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include storing starches, lipids, and proteins
  21. 37. a whiplike cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but longer and used primarily for movement in many bacteria