Chapter 6

1. the transfer of energy as heat from one substance to another by direct contact
2. 78% of atmosphere
6. 21% of atmosphere
10. when solar energy reaches Earth’s surface, the surface either: absorbs the energy; reflects the energy
14. water surfaces heat up slower than land surfaces
17. sealed metal container with a partial vacuum
19. the fraction of solar radiation which is reflected by a particular surface
20. movements of air are influenced by: local conditions; local temperature variations
22. land surfaces heat up faster than water surfaces
23. increase in pressure causes the mercury level to rise
24. where the thermosphere blends into the almost complete vacuum of space
27. the tendency of a moving object to follow a curved path rather than a straight path because of the Earth’s rotation
28. subtropical regions; warm air meets with cooler air from middle latitudes
29. cool air which descends from the mountain peaks

1. the process by which air, or other matter, rises or sinks because of difference in temperature
3. gentle winds which extend over distance of less than 100km
4. at the equator where the Trade Wind systems of northern and southern hemispheres meet
5. ROY G BIV
7. includes all forms of energy which travel through space as waves
8. narrow bands of high-speed winds which blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
9. occurs when particles and gas molecules in the atmosphere reflect and bend solar rays
11. form because of density differences between cold polar air and warm air (middle latitudes)
12. temperature increases as altitude increases
13. warm air moves upslope
15. extends to an altitude of 80-km
16. closest to the Earth’s surface
18. the process where the atmosphere, the surface and lower atmosphere warms
21. produced when warm air near Earth’s surface bends the light rays
25. ozone
26. layer of gases which surrounds Earth
30. 0.9% of atmosphere