Chapter 6 ~ Chemistry in Biology (Sections 1-3)

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Across
  1. 1. A pure substance made up of only one type of atom
  2. 2. Enzymes interact with only certain substrates because the _____ site where the substrate binds has a specific shape and size to fit
  3. 3. The study of matter - its composition and properties
  4. 5. A compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds
  5. 8. particle of an atom that is positively charged and is located in the nucleus
  6. 9. A substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction
  7. 10. The center of the atom
  8. 12. The reactants that bind to the enzyme
  9. 13. A substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
  10. 14. Solutions that have pH values higher than 7.0 are _____
  11. 15. Anything that has mass and takes up space
  12. 21. In a ____ mixture, the components remain distinct
  13. 22. Solutions that have pH values lower than 7.0 are _____
  14. 24. The substances formed during a chemical reaction
  15. 25. A mixture that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a particular range
  16. 27. Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
  17. 29. The process by which atoms are reorganized into different substances by the breaking or forming of bonds is called a chemical ______
  18. 34. Atoms contain an equal number of protons and electrons, so the overall charge of an atom is ____.
  19. 35. Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges are ____ molecules
  20. 37. Water is called the _____ solvent because many substances dissolve in it
  21. 38. A chemical ______ describes the substances in a chemical reaction and the process of change
  22. 39. Special proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes
  23. 40. A mixture that has uniform composition throughout
  24. 41. The second electron energy level can have up to ____ electrons
  25. 43. The substance that is dissolved in the solvent
Down
  1. 1. particle of an atom that is negatively charged and is in constant motion around an atom's nucleus
  2. 4. The starting substances in a chemical reaction
  3. 6. In ___ reactions, the energy of the product is lower than the energy of the reactant
  4. 7. Isotopes that give off radiation are called _____ isotopes
  5. 11. The building blocks of matter
  6. 12. Another name for a heterogenous mixture
  7. 16. The chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared
  8. 17. A ____ bond is a weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom
  9. 18. The measure of concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
  10. 19. particle of an atom that has no charge and is located in the nucleus
  11. 20. Another name for a solution
  12. 23. The minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction is the _____ energy
  13. 26. The attractive forces between positive and negative regions of molecules are called van der Waals ______
  14. 28. A substance in which another substance is dissolved
  15. 30. An atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons (and carries an electric charge)
  16. 31. Bond that forms when two oppositely charged atoms called ions form a bond due to electrical attraction
  17. 32. A substance that releases hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
  18. 33. A heterogeneous mixture in which the particles do not settle out like the sand settled from the water
  19. 36. A pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine
  20. 42. The properties of water make it well suited to help maintain _____ in an organism
  21. 44. In _____ reactions, the energy of the product is higher than the energy of the reactant