Chapter 6 Managing Water Supplies Key Terms

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Across
  1. 3. the amount of water found in the soil
  2. 6. a deep, narrow hole made in the ground, especially to locate water or oil
  3. 8. areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or during periods of the year
  4. 12. an aquifer below the land surface that is found between layers of impermeable rock (granite is an impermeable rock)
  5. 14. an event such as a flood, earthquake, or hurricane, that causes great damage or loss of life
  6. 16. an aquifer that occurs above a regional water-table. This is usually a relatively small body of water that lies above the large aquifer due to an impermeable rock layer blocking the downward flow of water
  7. 18. an act that required the US EPA to develop a national program to protect public water supplies establishing national standards for known or suspected drinking water contaminants. SDWA
  8. 20. an underground boundary between the soil surface and the area where groundwater saturates the rocks
  9. 24. water that moves from the land surface or unsaturated zone into an aquifer. Where porous rock at the surface allows water to seep into an aquifer
  10. 26. the movement of salt water into fresh water aquifers causing salination of water
  11. 28. The US Environmental Protection Agency’s mission is to protect human health and the environment.
  12. 29. found in mountainous areas such as the Himalayas and Andes. Also known as the ice glacier
  13. 31. the ability to access sufficient quantities of clean water to maintain adequate standards of food and manufacturing of goods, adequate sanitation and sustainable health care
  14. 32. a partnership with three NGO (non governmental organisations) WWF, WaterAid and Earthwatch. The programme aims to improve water resource management in 10 key river basins and to provide access to safe water and sanitation to millions of people
Down
  1. 1. an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving or drilling to access water
  2. 2. the zone where water originating from an aquifer flows out into water courses such as lakes, rivers and wetlands
  3. 4. an aquifer in which the water table is at atmospheric pressure. There is no impermeable layer between the the water table and the ground surface
  4. 5. the mass of glacial land ice that covers the polar regions (Antarctica, and Greenland)
  5. 7. an increase in nutrients in a body of water results in a rapid growth of algae.
  6. 9. European Environmental Agency which is part of the US EPA.
  7. 10. a zone within Earth that restricts the flow of groundwater from one aquifer to another; comprised of either clay or layers of non porous rock like granite
  8. 11. Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes prevents conflicts, and the promotion of peace and regional integration.
  9. 13. Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme is a UNESCO international scientific cooperative program in water research water resource management, water education, and capacity building, and the only broadly based science program o f the UN system in this area
  10. 15. a material that allows liquid to pass through it (sandstone is a permeable rock)
  11. 17. the action of making or being made impure by pollution
  12. 19. underground water that is under pressure. When punctured by a well or borehole the water will rise to the surface
  13. 21. the cloudiness or haziness of water; the lower the visibility the higher the turbidity
  14. 22. the provision of clean drinking water and sewage disposal
  15. 23. when excessive amounts of of groundwater push to the surface as a spring or an area of saturated soil
  16. 25. a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply or storage
  17. 27. the amount of water an ecosystem requires to continue functioning
  18. 30. an act that regulates discharges of pollutants into US waters, and controls pollution by means such as wastewater standards for surface water. CWA