Chapter 6 Vocab: Chemistry in Biology

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Across
  1. 1. molecule made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that make up fats, oils, & waxes
  2. 5. compound made of small carbon compounds called amino acids
  3. 8. starting substances in a chemical reaction, shown on the left side of a chemical equation
  4. 12. biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes
  5. 16. compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen in a ratio of 1 oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom
  6. 17. mixture that can react with acids or bases to keep pH within a particular range
  7. 18. pure substance formed when 2 or more different elements combine
  8. 19. substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction
  9. 23. electrical attraction between 2 oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms
  10. 24. a homogenous mixture formed when a substance is dissolved in another substance
  11. 26. large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together
  12. 29. process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances
  13. 30. compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds
  14. 31. substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water
  15. 33. specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme
  16. 34. atom of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
  17. 36. atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons
Down
  1. 2. molecule made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monomers
  2. 3. pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by physical or chemical means
  3. 4. building block of matter
  4. 5. substances formed during a chemical reaction, shown on the right side of a chemical equation
  5. 6. center of the atom, where neutrons & protons are located
  6. 7. attractive force between positive & negative regions that hold molecules together
  7. 9. reactant that binds to an enzyme
  8. 10. minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction
  9. 11. weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom & a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom
  10. 13. positively charged particle
  11. 14. measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
  12. 15. molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges
  13. 16. chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared
  14. 17. substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water
  15. 20. combination of 2 or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics and properties
  16. 21. small compounds that are made of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, & sometimes sulfur
  17. 22. complex macromolecule that stores and transmits genetic information
  18. 25. subunit of nucleic acid formed from a sugar, a phosphate, & a nitrogenous base
  19. 27. negatively charged particle
  20. 28. substance in which another substance is dissolved
  21. 32. particle that has no charge
  22. 35. substance that is dissolved in the solvent