Chapter 7: Choo Choo Ch'Boogie

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Across
  1. 3. This term replaced “race records” and described music performed almost exclusively by black artists and produced mainly (at least at first) for sale to African American audiences
  2. 5. Inspired by rural folk music, but performed by urban intellectuals and rew inspiration from populist protest songs of Woodie Guthrie
  3. 7. One of the first honky-tonk performers, singing in a deep baritone voice roughened by many years of singing in juke joints; one of the first musicians to move toward harder-edged country sound and switch to amplified instruments
  4. 10. One of the biggest international pop stars of the 1950s who developed a highly emotional performance style that involved sighing, sobbing, and melisma
  5. 11. Singer of "The Tennessee Waltz," she sold more records than any other female singer in the 1950s
  6. 12. (aka "Doo-wop" -- although the performers did not use this term) during the postwar era, tradition moved into the R&B market as young singers trained in the black church began to record secular material
  7. 14. The pianist, organist, and bandleader who did the most to popularize the mambo, throughout both Latin America and in the US
  8. 18. One of the first big band singers to take advantages of the changes in the music business and was one of the first artists who had a documented example of modern pop hysteria
  9. 21. A blend of Anglo-American string band music; traditional singing of the Appalachian Mountains; influences from black music, especially the blues
  10. 22. A response to migrants from the Deep South settling in Chicago: tougher, grittier styles closely linked to African American folk traditions reflective of new urban orientation
  11. 25. Dense, buzzing tone colors
  12. 26. When record companies paid DJs to put their records into “heavy rotation
  13. 29. Composer of "Hoochie Coochie Man," Chess Records' house songwriter, bass player, producer, and arranger
  14. 31. Former big band singer that sang "Mambo Italiano"
Down
  1. 1. used to create long sustained notes that sounded like screaming
  2. 2. The most successful blues crooner of the late 1940s and early 1950s
  3. 4. A style that conveyed the sound and ethos of the roadside bar or juke joint
  4. 6. Stretching each syllable of a song over as many melodic notes as possible
  5. 8. The first commercially successful category of rhythm & blues
  6. 9. A white record producer for Louis Jordan
  7. 13. A native of Waco, TX, who created a popular variation of honky-tonk music by mixing it with elements of western swing
  8. 15. Rodgers and Hammerstein’s 1943 musical & ran for a record breaking 2,212 performances
  9. 16. Invented by Les Paul, it allowed musicians to re-record over the unsatisfactory parts of previous performances and to add layers of sound to a recording
  10. 17. A guitarist, singer, and most popular blues musician in Chicago in the late 1940s and early 1950s who reinvigorated the Delta blues tradition by adapting it to electronically amplified instruments
  11. 19. Also known as "Miss Rhythm," she was the most popular black female vocalist between 1951 and 1954 and won a Tony award in 1989 for her appearance in the Broadway show Black and Blue
  12. 20. One of the first African American musicians to cross over regularly to the predominantly white pop charts
  13. 22. Popularity grew after WWII due to migration of millions of white southerners
  14. 23. Singer, drummer, harmonica player and comic on the black vaudeville circuit who worked with Johnny Otis in LA and was the artist whom Leiber and Stoller composed the rock'n'roll classic "Hound Dog"
  15. 24. Leader of The Weavers, played banjo, and was a political activist
  16. 27. An AR-born sax player and singer who began recording for Decca Records in 1939
  17. 28. The first female superstar of country
  18. 30. He dominated the country charts from 1947-54 and scored eleven Top 40 hits on the pop charts!