Chapter 8 Cells - Breakthrough Video Terms

123456789101112131415161718
Across
  1. 3. A drug that is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is being studied in the treatment of some other types of cancer.
  2. 6. A protein made by plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in response to an antigen (a substance that causes the body to make a specific immune response).
  3. 9. A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
  4. 10. A group of proteins found on T cells. T-cell receptors bind to certain antigens (proteins) found on abnormal cells, cancer cells, cells from other organisms, and cells infected with a virus or another microorganism.
  5. 13. A drug that binds to the protein CTLA-4 to help immune cells kill cancer cells better and is used to treat many different types of cancer.
  6. 14. A type of drug that blocks proteins called checkpoints that are made by some types of immune system cells, such as T cells, and some cancer cells. These checkpoints help keep immune responses from being too strong and sometimes can keep T cells from killing cancer cells.
  7. 16. An autoimmune disease is an illness that causes the immune system to produce antibodies that attack normal body tissues. Autoimmune is when your body attacks itself. It sees a part of your body or a process as a disease and tries to combat it.
  8. 17. A type of therapy that uses substances to stimulate or suppress the immune system to help the body fight cancer, infection, and other diseases. Some types of immunotherapy only target certain cells of the immune system. Others affect the immune system in a general way. T
Down
  1. 1. Treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Chemotherapy may be given by mouth, injection, or infusion, or on the skin, depending on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.
  2. 2. An agency in the U.S. federal government whose mission is to protect public health by making sure that food, cosmetics, and nutritional supplements are safe to use and truthfully labeled. Also called Food and Drug Administration.
  3. 4. Therapy The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.
  4. 5. Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance. Antigens include toxins, chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or other substances that come from outside the body.
  5. 7. A form of cancer that begins in melanocytes (cells that make the pigment melanin). It may begin in a mole (skin melanoma), but can also begin in other pigmented tissues, such as in the eye or in the intestines.
  6. 8. A protein found on T cells (a type of immune cell) that helps keep the body’s immune responses in check.
  7. 11. A type of research study that tests how well new medical approaches work in people. These studies test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease.
  8. 12. A type of white blood cell that makes antibodies. B cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow.
  9. 15. The study of the body's immune system.
  10. 18. A type of immune cell that recognizes and binds to foreign substances.