Chapter 8 EC #2

4. The principle stating that every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe.
9. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate, whose structure it mimics.
12. An organic molecule serving as a cofactor
13. The principle of conservation of energy: Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
14. The energy associated with the relative motion of objects.

1. The totality of an organism's chemical reactions, consisting of catabolic and anabolic pathways, which manage the material and energy resources of the organism.
2. The portion of a biological system's energy that can perform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout the system.
3. A kind of allosteric regulation whereby a shape change in one subunit of a protein caused by substrate binding is transmitted to all the other subunits
5. A series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule or breaks down a complex molecule into simpler molecules
6. A molecule (often a reactant) with a phosphate group covalently bound to it, making it more reactive (less stable) than the unphosphorylated molecule.
7. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
8. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
10. The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter
11. A process by which a chemical agent called a catalyst selectively increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.